Sales are recorded, net of expected returns. In some cases, the consumer and commercial segment’s customers may return a product purchased within 30 days of receipt. Our allowance for estimated returns is based on our review of historical returns experience and reduces our reported revenues and cost of sales accordingly.

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, the consumer segment’s allowance for returns was $28,402 and $0, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, the commercial segment’s allowance for returns was $6,578 and $0, respectively.

The Company is potentially subject to concentrations of credit risk in its accounts receivable. A significant amount of revenue stems from one precious metals partner, which accounted for 6% of our sales for the period ended March 31, 2024, and 6% of our sales for the period ended March 31, 2023. However, the Company believes that the products it sells are marketable to numerous sources at competitive prices.

Within the consumer and commercial segments shipping and handling costs are accounted for as fulfillment costs within costs of goods sold.

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, the consumer segment’s shipping and handling costs were $439 and $0, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, the commercial segment’s shipping and handling costs were $1,394,077 and $1,689,941, respectively.

The consumer and commercial segment’s advertising costs are expensed as incurred.

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, the consumer segment’s advertising costs were $247,903 and $206,075, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, the commercial segment’s advertising costs were $71,095 and $14,553, respectively.

We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. We do not separate non-lease components from lease components to which they relate and have accounted for the combined lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. Many of our lease agreements contain renewal options; however, we do not recognize right-of-use assets or lease liabilities for renewal periods unless it is determined that we are reasonably certain of renewing the lease at inception or when a triggering event occurs.

In determining our right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, we apply a discount rate to the minimum lease payments within each lease agreement. ASC 842, Leases requires us to use the interest rate that a lessee would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term in an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. If we cannot readily determine the discount rate implicit in lease agreements, we utilize our incremental borrowing rate. For leases one-year or less the Company has elected not to record lease liabilities and right-of use assets and instead recognize the expense associated with the lease payments using the straight-line basis.

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method prescribed by ASC 740, Income Taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to be applicable to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

The Company’s deferred tax assets include certain future tax benefits. The Company records a valuation allowance against any portion of those deferred income tax assets when it believes, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company reviews the likelihood that the benefit of the deferred tax assets will be realized and the need for valuation allowances on a quarterly basis, or more frequently if events indicate that a review is required. We have not taken a tax position that, if challenged, would have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements or the effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

For the period ended March 31, 2024, the Company had a deferred tax liability of $21,177. For the period ended December 31, 2023, the Company had a deferred tax liability of $38,668. The Company did not have a valuation allowance for the period ended March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

The accounting standards for reporting information about operating segments defines an operating segment as a component of an enterprise that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses for which discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.

The Company’s financial performance is based on the following segments: consumer and commercial.

The Company allocates its corporate expenses including selling, general and administrative expenses, depreciation and amortization, other income, interest expense, and income tax expense.

See Note 2 – Principles of Consolidation and Nature of Operations for further detail.

Basic earnings per share of our common stock, par value $0.01 per share (our “Common Stock”), is computed by dividing net earnings available to holders of the Company’s Common Stock by the weighted average number of shares of Common Stock outstanding for the reporting period. Diluted earnings per share reflect the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts requiring the Company to issue Common Stock were exercised or converted into Common Stock. For the calculation of diluted earnings per share, the basic weighted average number of shares is increased by the dilutive effect of stock options and warrants outstanding determined using the treasury stock method.

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation by measuring the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments, including grants of stock options, based on the fair value of the award at the date of grant. In addition, to the extent that the Company receives an excess tax benefit upon exercise of an award, such benefit is reflected as cash flow from financing activities in the consolidated statement of cash flows.

See Note 14 – Stock-Based Compensation for further detail.

The Company’s policy is to present taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities on a net basis. The Company records the amounts collected as a current liability and relieves such liability upon remittance to the taxing authority without impacting revenue or expenses.

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets approximate fair value.

Accounts receivable represent amounts primarily due from customers on product and other sales. Our allowance for credit losses is primarily determined by an analysis of our trade receivables aging, using the expected losses methodology. The allowance for credit losses is determined based on historical experience of collecting past due amounts, based on the degree of their aging. In addition, specific accounts that are considered and expected to be uncollectable are included in the allowance for credit losses. Trade receivables are considered delinquent when payment has not been made within contract terms. Trade receivables are charged off when there is certainty as to their being uncollectible.

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, the consumer segment’s allowance for credit losses was $0 and $0, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, the commercial segment’s allowance for credit losses was $306,727 and $0, respectively.

Consumer Segment

The consumer segment values inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value. We acquire inventory based on our own internal estimate of the fair value of the items at the time of purchase. We consider factors such as the current spot market price of precious metals and current market demand for the items being purchased. Consigned inventory has a net zero balance. The majority of our inventory has some component of its value that is based on the spot market price of precious metals. Because the overall market value for precious metals regularly fluctuates, we monitor these fluctuations for any adverse impact on the carrying value of our inventory.

Commercial Segment

Our inventory primarily includes processed and unprocessed, base metals, electronic scrap materials containing precious metals as well as technology assets being held for resale. The processed and unprocessed base metals and electronic scrap materials are valued utilizing the average cost method. Our technology assets are valued utilizing the retail cost method.

See Note 4 – Inventories for further detail.

Goodwill is not amortized but evaluated for impairment on an annual basis during the fourth quarter of our fiscal year, or earlier if events or circumstances indicate the carrying value may be impaired. There were no triggering events identified during the first three months of fiscal 2024 requiring an interim goodwill impairment test, and the Company did not record a goodwill impairment charge in any of the periods presented. There have been no other adjustments to goodwill in any of the periods presented.

See Note 5 – Goodwill for further detail.

Property and equipment is carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and is depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets; except for construction in progress which has not yet been placed into service. Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged against income as incurred; betterments that increase the value or materially extend the life of the related assets are capitalized.

See Note 6 – Property and equipment, net for further detail.

Finite-lived intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets; except for assets under development which have not yet been placed into service. Finite-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable.

See Note 7 – Intangibles, net for further detail.

The Company’s consumer segment previously reported revenue from freight arrangement services as a component of cost of goods sold. The Company has further evaluated the nature and scope of its service offering and has determined that it meets the definition of a principal in accordance with ASC 606 and as such be reported within revenue. As a result of the correction, for the three months ended March 31,2023 revenue and cost of goods sold increased by $1,420,492. The error had no impact on operating income, net income, and net income per share nor any other financial statement amount. Further these errors had no impact on the consolidated balance sheets, statements of stockholders’ equity, and statement of cash flows. These corrections do not affect any of the metrics used to calculate and evaluate management’s compensation and had no impact on bonuses, commissions, stock-based compensation, or any other employee renumeration. Historical amounts have been corrected and are presented on a comparable basis.

See Note 10 – Revenue for further detail.

The Company has elected to discontinue reporting the disaggregation of inventory and revenue by resale and recycle. The Company’s business operations continue to evolve and includes fee for service revenue that does not always correlate to these categories and underlying inventory positions; further our inventory positions within these disaggregated presentations can vary at any point in time as they are a diverse mix of technology assets, precious and base metals and luxury hard assets. The Company believes that its disclosure of the nature of its operations, the inventory held at each segment and associated risk factors provides a sufficient understanding of its impact on our business.

See Note 4 – Inventories and Note 10 – Revenue, for further detail.

For the Company’s 2023 Annual Report, the presentation of the operations section within its Consolidated Cash Flow Statements was updated to present "non-cash lease expense" as a separate line item, previously included within "changes in operating assets and liabilities – operating leases.” The Company has elected to reclassify $473,881 from operating leases to non-cash lease expenses in the Consolidated Cash Flow Statement for the period ending March 31, 2023.

See the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for further detail.

For the Company’s 2023 Annual Report, the amount reported for other current assets within the Consolidated Balance Sheets related entirely to notes receivables. The Company has elected to present notes receivable as its own line item and has reclassified the historical presentation of the aforementioned for the period ended December 31, 2023.

See the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for further detail.

The Company previously did not disclose construction in progress and intangible assets under development. The Company has determined that providing this information further enhances the understanding of the nature of our capital expenditures. The Company has elected to reclassify the historical presentation of the aforementioned for the period ended December 31, 2023.

See Note 6 – Property and equipment, net for further detail.

The Company previously reported the development of its enterprise resource planning system within property and equipment, net. The Company has further evaluated the nature of this asset under ASC 350, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other and has determined that it is a nonmonetary asset without physical substance and was acquired separately from hardware and as such be reported within intangibles, net. The Company has elected to reclassify the historical presentation of the aforementioned for the period ended December 31, 2023.

See Note 7 – Intangibles, net for further detail.

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures ("ASU 2023-07”), which will require the Company to disclose segment expenses that are significant and regularly provided to the CODM. In addition, ASU 2023-07 will require the Company to disclose the title and position of its CODM and how the CODM uses segment profit or loss information in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. ASU 2023-07 will be effective for fiscal years beginning January 1, 2024, Form 10-K, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning on January 1, 2025. The standard will be adopted beginning January 1, 2024, for the fiscal year and adopted for the interim periods beginning January 1, 2025, by using a modified retrospective transition approach. The Company does not expect adoption to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2023-09 (“ASU 2023-09”), Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvement to Income Tax Disclosures, amending income tax disclosure requirements for the effective tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. The amendments in ASU 2023-09 are effective beginning in the Company’s fiscal 2025 and are applied prospectively. Early adoption and retrospective application of the amendments are permitted. The Company does not expect adoption to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

No other recently issued or effective ASU’s had, or are expected to have, a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition or liquidity.