10-Q

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

Emerging growth company

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from

Commission file number 001-32195

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware		80-0873306
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

11011 West Broad Street Glen Allen, Virginia		23060
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(804) 281-6000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

6620 West Broad Street, Richmond, Virginia 23230

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A Common Stock, par value $.001 per share	GNW	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of April

, 2024, 437,721,371 shares of Class A Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, were outstanding.

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.

Financial Statements

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Amounts in millions, except par value and share amounts)


	March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
	(Unaudited)
Assets
Investments:
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $49,281 and $49,365, respectively, and allowance for credit losses of $7 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023)	$	46,065		$	46,781
Equity securities, at fair value		427			396
Commercial mortgage loans (net of unamortized balance of loan origination fees and costs of $4 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023)		6,748			6,829
Less: Allowance for credit losses		(29	)		(27	)

Commercial mortgage loans, net		6,719			6,802
Policy loans		2,219			2,220
Limited partnerships		2,949			2,821
Other invested assets		683			731

Total investments		59,062			59,751
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		1,952			2,215
Accrued investment income		707			647
Deferred acquisition costs		1,934			1,988
Intangible assets		197			198
Reinsurance recoverable		18,315			19,054
Less: Allowance for credit losses		(27	)		(29	)

Reinsurance recoverable, net		18,288			19,025
Other assets		516			489
Deferred tax asset		1,839			1,952
Market risk benefit assets		52			43
Separate account assets		4,645			4,509

Total assets	$	89,192		$	90,817

Liabilities and equity
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits	$	55,545		$	57,655
Policyholder account balances		15,315			15,540
Market risk benefit liabilities		528			625
Liability for policy and contract claims		673			652
Unearned premiums		139			149
Other liabilities		1,889			1,768
Long-term borrowings		1,579			1,584
Separate account liabilities		4,645			4,509

Total liabilities		80,313			82,482

Commitments and contingencies (Note 16)
Equity:
Class A common stock, $0.001 par value; 1,500,000,000 shares authorized; 606,168,754 and 603,151,611 shares issued as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively; 439,599,677 and 446,823,204 shares outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		1			1
Additional paid-in capital		11,873			11,884
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		(2,094	)		(2,555	)
Retained earnings		1,352			1,213
Treasury stock, at cost (166,569,077 and 156,328,407 shares as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively)		(3,126	)		(3,063	)

Total Genworth Financial, Inc.’s stockholders’ equity		8,006			7,480
Noncontrolling interests		873			855

Total equity		8,879			8,335

Total liabilities and equity	$	89,192		$	90,817

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

(Amounts in millions)

(Unaudited)


	Three months ended March 31, 2024
	Common stock		Additional paid-in capital			Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)			Retained earnings		Treasury stock, at cost			Total Genworth Financial, Inc.’s stockholders’ equity			Noncontrolling interests			Total equity
Balances as of December 31, 2023	$	1	$	11,884		$	(2,555	)	$	1,213	$	(3,063	)	$	7,480		$	855		$	8,335
Repurchase of subsidiary shares		—		—			—			—		—			—			(9	)		(9	)
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income		—		—			—			139		—			139			30			169
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes		—		—			461			—		—			461			(1	)		460

Total comprehensive income															600			29			629
Treasury stock acquired in connection with share repurchases		—		—			—			—		(63	)		(63	)		—			(63	)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests		—		—			—			—		—			—			(5	)		(5	)
Stock-based compensation expense and exercises and other		—		(11	)		—			—		—			(11	)		3			(8	)

Balances as of March 31, 2024	$	1	$	11,873		$	(2,094	)	$	1,352	$	(3,126	)	$	8,006		$	873		$	8,879


	Three months ended March 31, 2023
	Common stock		Additional paid-in capital			Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)			Retained earnings		Treasury stock, at cost			Total Genworth Financial, Inc.’s stockholders’ equity			Noncontrolling interests			Total equity
Balances as of December 31, 2022	$	1	$	11,869		$	(2,614	)	$	1,139	$	(2,764	)	$	7,631		$	755		$	8,386
Repurchase of subsidiary shares		—		—			—			—		—			—			(4	)		(4	)
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income		—		—			—			122		—			122			32			154
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes		—		—			(239	)		—		—			(239	)		12			(227	)

Total comprehensive income (loss)															(117	)		44			(73	)
Treasury stock acquired in connection with share repurchases		—		—			—			—		(69	)		(69	)		—			(69	)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests		—		—			—			—		—			—			(4	)		(4	)
Stock-based compensation expense and exercises and other		—		(6	)		—			—		—			(6	)		2			(4	)

Balances as of March 31, 2023	$	1	$	11,863		$	(2,853	)	$	1,261	$	(2,833	)	$	7,439		$	793		$	8,232

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Amounts in millions)

(Unaudited)


	Three months ended March 31,
	2024			2023
Cash flows from (used by) operating activities:
Net income	$	169		$	154
Less loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes		1			—
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from (used by) operating activities:
Amortization of fixed maturity securities discounts and premiums		(23	)		(25	)
Net investment (gains) losses		(49	)		11
Changes in fair value of market risk benefits and associated hedges		(23	)		17
Charges assessed to policyholders		(139	)		(144	)
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles		65			72
Deferred income taxes		(1	)		53
Derivative instruments, limited partnerships and other		(138	)		(84	)
Long-term incentive compensation expense		14			15
Change in certain assets and liabilities:
Accrued investment income and other assets		(68	)		(73	)
Insurance reserves		140			191
Current tax liabilities		67			2
Other liabilities, policy and contract claims and other policy-related balances		(122	)		(171	)
Cash used by operating activities—discontinued operations		—			(1	)

Net cash from (used by) operating activities		(107	)		17

Cash flows from (used by) investing activities:
Proceeds from maturities and repayments of investments:
Fixed maturity securities		649			613
Commercial mortgage loans		127			154
Limited partnerships and other invested assets		59			31
Proceeds from sales of investments:
Fixed maturity and equity securities		635			441
Purchases and originations of investments:
Fixed maturity and equity securities		(1,157	)		(685	)
Commercial mortgage loans		(45	)		(37	)
Limited partnerships and other invested assets		(125	)		(164	)
Short-term investments, net		17			1
Policy loans, net		—			10
Other		(17	)		—

Net cash from investing activities		143			364

Cash flows from (used by) financing activities:
Deposits to universal life and investment contracts		133			148
Withdrawals from universal life and investment contracts		(317	)		(491	)
Repayment and repurchase of long-term debt		(6	)		(11	)
Repurchase of subsidiary shares		(9	)		(4	)
Treasury stock acquired in connection with share repurchases		(63	)		(68	)
Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests		(5	)		(4	)
Other, net		(32	)		2

Net cash used by financing activities		(299	)		(428	)

Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(263	)		(47	)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period		2,215			1,799

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	1,952		$	1,752

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(1) Business and Basis of Presentation

Genworth Holdings, Inc. (“Genworth Holdings”) (formerly known as Genworth Financial, Inc.) was incorporated in Delaware in 2003 in preparation for an initial public offering of its common stock, which was completed on May 28, 2004. On April 1, 2013, Genworth Holdings completed a holding company reorganization pursuant to which Genworth Holdings became a direct, 100% owned subsidiary of a new public holding company that it had formed. The new public holding company was incorporated in Delaware on December 5, 2012, in connection with the reorganization, and was renamed Genworth Financial, Inc. (“Genworth Financial”) upon the completion of the reorganization.

The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements include on a consolidated basis the accounts of Genworth Financial and its affiliate companies in which it holds a majority voting interest or power to direct activities of certain variable interest entities, which on a consolidated basis is referred to as “Genworth,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our” unless the context otherwise requires. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. References to “Genworth Financial” refer solely to Genworth Financial, Inc., and not to any of its consolidated subsidiaries.

We operate our business through the following three operating segments:

•

Enact

. Enact Holdings, Inc. (“Enact Holdings”) comprises our Enact segment. Through Enact Holdings’ mortgage insurance subsidiaries, we offer private mortgage insurance products predominantly insuring prime-based, individually underwritten residential mortgage loans at specified coverage percentages (“primary mortgage insurance”). Enact Holdings also selectively enters into insurance transactions with lenders and investors, under which it insures a portfolio of loans at or after origination (“pool mortgage insurance”).

•

Long-Term Care Insurance.

Through our principal U.S. life insurance subsidiaries, we offer long-term care insurance products in the United States. Long-term care insurance products are intended to protect against the significant and escalating costs of long-term care services provided in the insured’s home or assisted living or nursing facilities.

•

Life and Annuities.

We service a variety of protection and retirement income products through our principal U.S. life insurance subsidiaries that are not actively marketed or sold. These products include traditional and non-traditional life insurance (term, universal and term universal life insurance as well as corporate-owned life insurance and funding agreements), fixed annuities and variable annuities.

In addition to our three operating segments, we also have Corporate and Other, which includes debt financing expenses that are incurred at the Genworth Holdings level, unallocated corporate income and expenses, eliminations of inter-segment transactions and the results of other businesses that are reported outside of our operating segments, such as certain international businesses and start-up results of our CareScout business related to our senior care growth initiatives.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Preparing financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts and related disclosures. Actual results could differ from those estimates. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments (including normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary by management to present a fair statement of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. The

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

results reported in these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should not be regarded as necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the entire year. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included herein should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes contained in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

On July 31, 2023, Genworth Financial’s Board of Directors authorized an additional $350 million of share repurchases under the existing share repurchase program that began in May 2022. Pursuant to the program, during the three months ended March 31, 2024, Genworth Financial repurchased 10,240,670 shares of its common stock at an average price of $6.17 per share for a total cost of $63 million, including excise taxes and other costs paid in connection with acquiring the shares. The repurchased shares were recorded at cost and presented as treasury stock in a separate caption in equity in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Genworth Financial also authorized repurchases under the share repurchase program through a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan under which 1,933,444 shares of its common stock were repurchased in April 2024 at an average price of $6.21 per share for a total of $12 million, leaving approximately $266 million remaining authorization under the share repurchase program as of April 30, 2024. Under the program, share repurchases may be made at Genworth’s discretion from time to time in open market transactions, privately negotiated transactions, or other means, including through Rule 10b5-1 trading plans. The timing and number of future shares repurchased under the share repurchase program will depend on a variety of factors, including Genworth Financial’s stock price and trading volume, and general business and market conditions, among other factors. The authorization has no expiration date and may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time.

(2) Accounting Changes

Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted

On January 1, 2024, we adopted new accounting guidance issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) related to the fair value measurement of equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions. The guidance clarifies existing fair value guidance on measuring the fair value of an equity security subject to contractual sale restrictions and adds new disclosures related to these securities. We adopted this guidance using the prospective method, which did not have any impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In December 2023, the FASB issued new accounting guidance to improve income tax disclosures. The guidance requires annual disclosure of specific categories in the income tax rate reconciliation, separate disclosure of additional information related to reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold and additional disclosures about income taxes paid, among other qualitative and quantitative disclosure improvements. This guidance is effective for us for annual reporting periods beginning on January 1, 2025 using the prospective method, with early adoption permitted, which we do not intend to elect. We are currently evaluating the impact the guidance may have on our processes, controls and disclosures.

In November 2023, the FASB issued new accounting guidance to improve segment reporting. The guidance requires annual and interim disclosure of significant segment expenses regularly provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) and other segment items. The guidance also requires disclosures about a segment’s profit or loss and assets, currently only required annually, to be disclosed on an interim basis. Under the new

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

accounting guidance, public entities may disclose multiple measures of a segment’s profit or loss, as long as all disclosed measures are used by the CODM for purposes of assessing performance and allocating resources and at least one of the reported measures is that which management believes to be most consistent with U.S. GAAP measurement principles. This guidance is effective for us for annual reporting periods beginning on January 1, 2024 and interim reporting periods beginning on January 1, 2025 using the retrospective method, with early adoption permitted, which we do not intend to elect. We are currently evaluating the impact the guidance may have on our processes and disclosures.

(3) Earnings Per Share

Basic and diluted earnings per share are calculated by dividing each income (loss) category presented below by the weighted-average basic and diluted common shares outstanding for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions, except per share amounts)	2024			2023
Weighted-average common shares used in basic earnings per share calculations		443.0			492.3
Potentially dilutive securities:
Performance stock units, restricted stock units and other equity-based awards		7.3			7.8

Weighted-average common shares used in diluted earnings per share calculations		450.3			500.1

Income from continuing operations:
Income from continuing operations	$	170		$	154
Less: net income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		30			32

Income from continuing operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	140		$	122

Basic per share	$	0.32		$	0.25

Diluted per share	$	0.31		$	0.24

Loss from discontinued operations:
Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes	$	(1	)	$	—

Basic per share	$	—		$	—

Diluted per share	$	—		$	—

Net income:
Income from continuing operations	$	170		$	154
Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes		(1	)		—

Net income		169			154
Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		30			32

Net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	139		$	122

Basic per share (1)	$	0.31		$	0.25

Diluted per share	$	0.31		$	0.24

(1)	May not total due to whole number calculation.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(4) Investments

(a) Net Investment Income

Sources of net investment income were as follows for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2024			2023

Fixed maturity securities—taxable	$	554		$	561
Fixed maturity securities—non-taxable		1			1
Equity securities		2			2
Commercial mortgage loans		75			76
Policy loans		58			55
Limited partnerships		20			28
Other invested assets		68			68
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and short-term investments		27			18

Gross investment income before expenses and fees		805			809
Expenses and fees		(23	)		(22	)

Net investment income	$	782		$	787

(b) Net Investment Gains (Losses)

The following table sets forth net investment gains (losses) for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2024			2023

Realized investment gains (losses):

Available-for-sale fixed maturity securities:
Realized gains	$	7		$	3
Realized losses		(29	)		(19	)

Net realized gains (losses) on available-for-sale fixed maturity securities		(22	)		(16	)
Net realized gains (losses) on equity securities sold		—			—

Total net realized investment gains (losses)		(22	)		(16	)

Net change in allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale fixed maturity securities		—			(15	)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities still held		32			11
Net unrealized gains (losses) on limited partnerships		43			—
Commercial mortgage loans		(2	)		(2	)
Derivative instruments (1)		1			12
Other		(3	)		(1	)

Net investment gains (losses)	$	49		$	(11	)

(1)	See note 5 for additional information on the impact of derivative instruments included in net investment gains (losses).

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

See Note 2—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies included in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of our policy for evaluating and measuring the allowance for credit losses related to our available-for-sale fixed maturity securities. The following table represents the allowance for credit losses aggregated by security type for available-for-sale fixed maturity securities as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2024:


(Amounts in millions)	Beginning balance		Increase from securities without allowance in previous periods		Increase (decrease) from securities with allowance in previous periods		Securities sold		Decrease due to change in intent or requirement to sell		Write-offs		Recoveries		Ending balance

Fixed maturity securities:
Commercial mortgage-backed	$	7	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	7

Total available-for-sale fixed maturity securities	$	7	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	7

The following table represents the allowance for credit losses aggregated by security type for available-for-sale fixed maturity securities as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2023:


(Amounts in millions)	Beginning balance		Increase from securities without allowance in previous periods		Increase (decrease) from securities with allowance in previous periods		Securities sold		Decrease due to change in intent or requirement to sell		Write-offs		Recoveries		Ending balance
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. corporate	$	—	$	9	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	9
Commercial mortgage-backed		—		6		—		—		—		—		—		6

Total available-for-sale fixed maturity securities	$	—	$	15	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	15

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Net unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investment securities reflected as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023

Net unrealized gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities without an allowance for credit losses	$	(3,209	)	$	(2,577	)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities with an allowance for credit losses		—			—
Adjustments to policyholder contract balances		66			52
Income taxes, net		484			352

Net unrealized investment gains (losses)		(2,659	)		(2,173	)
Less: net unrealized investment gains (losses) attributable to noncontrolling interests		(44	)		(43	)

Net unrealized investment gains (losses) attributable to Genworth Financial, Inc.	$	(2,615	)	$	(2,130	)

The change in net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale investment securities reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) was as follows as of and for the three months ended March 31:


(Amounts in millions)	2024			2023

Beginning balance	$	(2,130	)	$	(3,407	)
Unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period:
Unrealized gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities		(654	)		1,170
Adjustments to policyholder contract balances (1)		14			(19	)
Provision for income taxes		137			(245	)

Change in unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities		(503	)		906
Reclassification adjustments to net investment (gains) losses, net of taxes of $(5) and $(3)		17			13

Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses)		(486	)		919
Less: change in net unrealized investment gains (losses) attributable to noncontrolling interests		(1	)		12

Ending balance	$	(2,615	)	$	(2,500	)

(1)	See note 10 for additional information.

Amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to net investment gains (losses) include realized gains (losses) on sales of securities, which are determined on a specific identification basis.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(d) Fixed Maturity Securities

As of March 31, 2024, the amortized cost or cost, gross unrealized gains (losses), allowance for credit losses and fair value of our fixed maturity securities classified as available-for-sale were as follows:


(Amounts in millions)	Amortized cost or cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses			Allowance for credit losses			Fair value

Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government, agencies and government-sponsored enterprises	$	3,648	$	67	$	(255	)	$	—		$	3,460
State and political subdivisions		2,517		16		(267	)		—			2,266
Non-U.S. government		701		13		(101	)		—			613
U.S. corporate:
Utilities		4,609		68		(400	)		—			4,277
Energy		2,468		55		(153	)		—			2,370
Finance and insurance		7,776		76		(685	)		—			7,167
Consumer—non-cyclical		4,740		90		(324	)		—			4,506
Technology and communications		3,062		58		(277	)		—			2,843
Industrial		1,240		18		(98	)		—			1,160
Capital goods		2,238		48		(142	)		—			2,144
Consumer—cyclical		1,695		19		(111	)		—			1,603
Transportation		1,126		33		(79	)		—			1,080
Other		299		2		(14	)		—			287

Total U.S. corporate		29,253		467		(2,283	)		—			27,437

Non-U.S. corporate:
Utilities		738		1		(62	)		—			677
Energy		1,002		28		(50	)		—			980
Finance and insurance		2,015		39		(141	)		—			1,913
Consumer—non-cyclical		679		5		(70	)		—			614
Technology and communications		925		8		(72	)		—			861
Industrial		879		13		(50	)		—			842
Capital goods		586		6		(43	)		—			549
Consumer—cyclical		260		2		(17	)		—			245
Transportation		427		13		(27	)		—			413
Other		740		14		(46	)		—			708

Total non-U.S. corporate		8,251		129		(578	)		—			7,802

Residential mortgage-backed		930		4		(58	)		—			876
Commercial mortgage-backed		1,613		1		(286	)		(7	)		1,321
Other asset-backed		2,368		7		(85	)		—			2,290

Total available-for-sale fixed maturity securities	$	49,281	$	704	$	(3,913	)	$	(7	)	$	46,065

Table of Contents

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

As of December 31, 2023, the amortized cost or cost, gross unrealized gains (losses), allowance for credit losses and fair value of our fixed maturity securities classified as available-for-sale were as follows:


(Amounts in millions)	Amortized cost or cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses			Allowance for credit losses			Fair value
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government, agencies and government-sponsored enterprises	$	3,588	$	121	$	(215	)	$	—		$	3,494
State and political subdivisions		2,537		24		(259	)		—			2,302
Non-U.S. government		703		15		(92	)		—			626
U.S. corporate:
Utilities		4,521		104		(352	)		—			4,273
Energy		2,449		66		(143	)		—			2,372
Finance and insurance		7,813		99		(634	)		—			7,278
Consumer—non-cyclical		4,648		129		(272	)		—			4,505
Technology and communications		3,187		75		(239	)		—			3,023
Industrial		1,294		27		(88	)		—			1,233
Capital goods		2,230		69		(118	)		—			2,181
Consumer—cyclical		1,715		30		(96	)		—			1,649
Transportation		1,187		44		(69	)		—			1,162
Other		316		6		(13	)		—			309

Total U.S. corporate		29,360		649		(2,024	)		—			27,985

Non-U.S. corporate:
Utilities		739		1		(55	)		—			685
Energy		1,038		34		(45	)		—			1,027
Finance and insurance		2,041		47		(140	)		—			1,948
Consumer—non-cyclical		669		8		(61	)		—			616
Technology and communications		944		12		(65	)		—			891
Industrial		829		17		(49	)		—			797
Capital goods		591		8		(38	)		—			561
Consumer—cyclical		236		2		(17	)		—			221
Transportation		369		15		(20	)		—			364
Other		726		18		(43	)		—			701

Total non-U.S. corporate		8,182		162		(533	)		—			7,811

Residential mortgage-backed		953		8		(54	)		—			907
Commercial mortgage-backed		1,714		1		(290	)		(7	)		1,418
Other asset-backed		2,328		6		(96	)		—			2,238

Total available-for-sale fixed maturity securities	$	49,365	$	986	$	(3,563	)	$	(7	)	$	46,781

Table of Contents

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and fair values of our fixed maturity securities for which an allowance for credit losses had not been recorded, aggregated by investment type and length of time that individual fixed maturity securities had been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of March 31, 2024:


	Less than 12 months							12 months or more							Total
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities		Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities		Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities

Description of Securities
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government, agencies and government-sponsored enterprises	$	280	$	(4	)		44	$	1,315	$	(251	)		49	$	1,595	$	(255	)		93
State and political subdivisions		222		(3	)		29		1,579		(264	)		265		1,801		(267	)		294
Non-U.S. government		47		(1	)		10		438		(100	)		66		485		(101	)		76
U.S. corporate		2,303		(71	)		328		16,554		(2,212	)		2,120		18,857		(2,283	)		2,448
Non-U.S. corporate		346		(12	)		52		5,099		(566	)		663		5,445		(578	)		715
Residential mortgage-backed		121		(1	)		68		480		(57	)		154		601		(58	)		222
Commercial mortgage-backed		39		(1	)		7		1,261		(285	)		212		1,300		(286	)		219
Other asset-backed		157		(1	)		47		1,403		(84	)		286		1,560		(85	)		333

Total for fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position	$	3,515	$	(94	)		585	$	28,129	$	(3,819	)		3,815	$	31,644	$	(3,913	)		4,400

% Below cost:
<20% Below cost	$	3,444	$	(74	)		578	$	24,673	$	(2,606	)		3,355	$	28,117	$	(2,680	)		3,933
20%-50% Below cost		71		(20	)		7		3,456		(1,213	)		460		3,527		(1,233	)		467

Total for fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position	$	3,515	$	(94	)		585	$	28,129	$	(3,819	)		3,815	$	31,644	$	(3,913	)		4,400

Investment grade	$	3,451	$	(93	)		574	$	26,926	$	(3,686	)		3,644	$	30,377	$	(3,779	)		4,218
Below investment grade		64		(1	)		11		1,203		(133	)		171		1,267		(134	)		182

Total for fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position	$	3,515	$	(94	)		585	$	28,129	$	(3,819	)		3,815	$	31,644	$	(3,913	)		4,400

Table of Contents

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and fair values of our corporate securities for which an allowance for credit losses had not been recorded, aggregated by investment type and length of time that individual investment securities had been in a continuous unrealized loss position, based on industry, as of March 31, 2024:


	Less than 12 months							12 months or more							Total
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities		Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities		Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities

Description of Securities
U.S. corporate:
Utilities	$	487	$	(7	)		65	$	2,124	$	(393	)		311	$	2,611	$	(400	)		376
Energy		191		(17	)		37		1,278		(136	)		162		1,469		(153	)		199
Finance and insurance		458		(12	)		62		5,080		(673	)		635		5,538		(685	)		697
Consumer—non-cyclical		375		(9	)		52		2,480		(315	)		270		2,855		(324	)		322
Technology and communications		240		(8	)		36		1,981		(269	)		260		2,221		(277	)		296
Industrial		128		(3	)		10		694		(95	)		95		822		(98	)		105
Capital goods		151		(9	)		25		1,145		(133	)		148		1,296		(142	)		173
Consumer—cyclical		169		(4	)		28		1,036		(107	)		145		1,205		(111	)		173
Transportation		104		(2	)		13		593		(77	)		77		697		(79	)		90
Other		—		—			—		143		(14	)		17		143		(14	)		17

Subtotal, U.S. corporate securities		2,303		(71	)		328		16,554		(2,212	)		2,120		18,857		(2,283	)		2,448

Non-U.S. corporate:
Utilities		55		(1	)		3		578		(61	)		65		633		(62	)		68
Energy		47		(1	)		6		483		(49	)		56		530		(50	)		62
Finance and insurance		74		(1	)		19		1,386		(140	)		194		1,460		(141	)		213
Consumer—non-cyclical		48		(3	)		7		452		(67	)		54		500		(70	)		61
Technology and communications		68		(1	)		10		624		(71	)		79		692		(72	)		89
Industrial		—		—			—		442		(50	)		62		442		(50	)		62
Capital goods		—		—			—		360		(43	)		47		360		(43	)		47
Consumer—cyclical		—		—			—		190		(17	)		27		190		(17	)		27
Transportation		54		(5	)		7		214		(22	)		30		268		(27	)		37
Other		—		—			—		370		(46	)		49		370		(46	)		49

Subtotal, non-U.S. corporate securities		346		(12	)		52		5,099		(566	)		663		5,445		(578	)		715

Total for corporate securities in an unrealized loss position	$	2,649	$	(83	)		380	$	21,653	$	(2,778	)		2,783	$	24,302	$	(2,861	)		3,163

Table of Contents

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

We did not recognize an allowance for credit losses on securities in an unrealized loss position included in the tables above. Based on a qualitative and quantitative review of the issuers of the securities, we believe the decline in fair value was largely due to increased interest rates and was not indicative of credit losses. The issuers continue to make timely principal and interest payments. For all securities in an unrealized loss position without an allowance for credit losses, we expect to recover the amortized cost based on our estimate of the amount and timing of cash flows to be collected. We do not intend to sell nor do we expect that we will be required to sell these securities prior to recovering our amortized cost.


	Less than 12 months							12 months or more							Total
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities		Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities		Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities
Description of Securities
Fixed maturity securities:

U.S. government, agencies and government-sponsored enterprises	$	28	$	(1	)		6	$	1,353	$	(214	)		50	$	1,381	$	(215	)		56
State and political subdivisions		121		(2	)		18		1,581		(257	)		268		1,702		(259	)		286
Non-U.S. government		—		—			—		448		(92	)		67		448		(92	)		67
U.S. corporate		1,054		(30	)		142		17,019		(1,994	)		2,164		18,073		(2,024	)		2,306
Non-U.S. corporate		157		(5	)		19		5,180		(528	)		684		5,337		(533	)		703
Residential mortgage-backed		62		(1	)		31		477		(53	)		156		539		(54	)		187
Commercial mortgage-backed		37		(1	)		7		1,349		(289	)		224		1,386		(290	)		231
Other asset-backed		—		—			—		1,624		(96	)		327		1,624		(96	)		327

Total for fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position	$	1,459	$	(40	)		223	$	29,031	$	(3,523	)		3,940	$	30,490	$	(3,563	)		4,163

% Below cost:
<20% Below cost	$	1,450	$	(37	)		221	$	26,032	$	(2,509	)		3,542	$	27,482	$	(2,546	)		3,763
20%-50% Below cost		9		(3	)		2		2,999		(1,014	)		398		3,008		(1,017	)		400

Total for fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position	$	1,459	$	(40	)		223	$	29,031	$	(3,523	)		3,940	$	30,490	$	(3,563	)		4,163

Investment grade	$	1,441	$	(40	)		221	$	27,804	$	(3,394	)		3,762	$	29,245	$	(3,434	)		3,983
Below investment grade		18		—			2		1,227		(129	)		178		1,245		(129	)		180

Total for fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position	$	1,459	$	(40	)		223	$	29,031	$	(3,523	)		3,940	$	30,490	$	(3,563	)		4,163

Table of Contents

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)


	Less than 12 months							12 months or more							Total
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities		Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities		Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Number of securities
Description of Securities
U.S. corporate:
Utilities	$	177	$	(2	)		21	$	2,129	$	(350	)		308	$	2,306	$	(352	)		329
Energy		122		(2	)		20		1,343		(141	)		168		1,465		(143	)		188
Finance and insurance		274		(8	)		42		5,192		(626	)		645		5,466		(634	)		687
Consumer—non-cyclical		173		(6	)		18		2,529		(266	)		280		2,702		(272	)		298
Technology and communications		105		(6	)		19		2,100		(233	)		269		2,205		(239	)		288
Industrial		50		(1	)		6		702		(87	)		96		752		(88	)		102
Capital goods		—		—			—		1,193		(118	)		150		1,193		(118	)		150
Consumer—cyclical		88		(1	)		11		1,073		(95	)		148		1,161		(96	)		159
Transportation		65		(4	)		5		621		(65	)		82		686		(69	)		87
Other		—		—			—		137		(13	)		18		137		(13	)		18

Subtotal, U.S. corporate securities		1,054		(30	)		142		17,019		(1,994	)		2,164		18,073		(2,024	)		2,306

Non-U.S. corporate:
Utilities		—		—			—		609		(55	)		68		609		(55	)		68
Energy		39		(1	)		4		487		(44	)		59		526		(45	)		63
Finance and insurance		100		(2	)		10		1,358		(138	)		203		1,458		(140	)		213
Consumer—non-cyclical		—		—			—		471		(61	)		55		471		(61	)		55
Technology and communications		—		—			—		659		(65	)		83		659		(65	)		83
Industrial		18		(2	)		5		436		(47	)		61		454		(49	)		66
Capital goods		—		—			—		384		(38	)		49		384		(38	)		49
Consumer—cyclical		—		—			—		188		(17	)		26		188		(17	)		26
Transportation		—		—			—		216		(20	)		30		216		(20	)		30
Other		—		—			—		372		(43	)		50		372		(43	)		50

Subtotal, non-U.S. corporate securities		157		(5	)		19		5,180		(528	)		684		5,337		(533	)		703

Total for corporate securities in an unrealized loss position	$	1,211	$	(35	)		161	$	22,199	$	(2,522	)		2,848	$	23,410	$	(2,557	)		3,009

Table of Contents

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The scheduled maturity distribution of fixed maturity securities as of March 31, 2024 is set forth below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers of securities may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.


(Amounts in millions)	Amortized cost or cost		Fair value

Due one year or less	$	1,311	$	1,298
Due after one year through five years		8,351		8,112
Due after five years through ten years		12,593		11,851
Due after ten years		22,115		20,317

Subtotal		44,370		41,578
Residential mortgage-backed		930		876
Commercial mortgage-backed		1,613		1,321
Other asset-backed		2,368		2,290

Total	$	49,281	$	46,065

As of March 31, 2024, securities issued by finance and insurance, consumer—non-cyclical, utilities and technology and communications industry groups represented approximately 26%, 15%, 14% and 11%, respectively, of our domestic and foreign corporate fixed maturity securities portfolio. No other industry group comprised more than 10% of our investment portfolio.

As of March 31, 2024, we did not hold any fixed maturity securities in any single issuer, other than securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, which exceeded 10% of stockholders’ equity.

(e) Commercial Mortgage Loans

Our mortgage loans are collateralized by commercial properties, including multi-family residential buildings. The carrying value of commercial mortgage loans is stated at original cost net of principal payments, amortization and allowance for credit losses.

Table of Contents

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

We diversify our commercial mortgage loans by both property type and geographic region. The following tables set forth the distribution across property type and geographic region for commercial mortgage loans as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2024						December 31, 2023
(Amounts in millions)	Carrying value			% of total			Carrying value			% of total
Property type:
Retail	$	2,829			42	%	$	2,858			42	%
Office		1,466			22			1,481			22
Industrial		1,415			21			1,440			21
Apartments		514			8			522			8
Mixed use		368			5			371			5
Other		156			2			157			2

Subtotal		6,748			100	%		6,829			100	%

Allowance for credit losses		(29	)					(27	)

Total	$	6,719					$	6,802


	March 31, 2024						December 31, 2023
(Amounts in millions)	Carrying value			% of total			Carrying value			% of total
Geographic region:
South Atlantic	$	1,809			27	%	$	1,803			26	%
Pacific		1,248			18			1,281			19
Mountain		1,006			15			1,029			15
Middle Atlantic		916			14			925			14
West South Central		547			8			553			8
East North Central		437			6			445			6
West North Central		400			6			404			6
East South Central		203			3			206			3
New England		182			3			183			3

Subtotal		6,748			100	%		6,829			100	%

Allowance for credit losses		(29	)					(27	)

Total	$	6,719					$	6,802

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had no commercial mortgage loans past due or on non-accrual status. For a discussion of our policy related to placing commercial mortgage loans on non-accrual status, see Note 2—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies included in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and the year ended December 31, 2023, we did not have any loan modifications or extensions associated with borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that resulted in the consideration of whether to establish a new loan or to continue accounting for the modification or extension under the existing loan.

Table of Contents

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table sets forth the allowance for credit losses related to commercial mortgage loans as of and for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2024		2023
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning balance	$	27	$	22
Provision		2		2
Write-offs		—		—
Recoveries		—		—

Ending balance	$	29	$	24

In evaluating the credit quality of commercial mortgage loans, we assess the performance of the underlying loans using both quantitative and qualitative criteria. Certain risks associated with commercial mortgage loans can be evaluated by reviewing both the debt-to-value and debt service coverage ratio to understand both the probability of the borrower not being able to make the necessary loan payments as well as the ability to sell the underlying property for an amount that would enable us to recover our unpaid principal balance in the event of default by the borrower. The average debt-to-value ratio is based on our most recent estimate of the fair value for the underlying property which is evaluated at least annually and updated more frequently if necessary to better indicate risk associated with the loan. A lower debt-to-value indicates that our loan value is more likely to be recovered in the event of default by the borrower if the property were sold. The debt service coverage ratio is based on “normalized” annual income of the property compared to the payments required under the terms of the loan. Normalization allows for the removal of annual one-time events such as capital expenditures, prepaid or late real estate tax payments or non-recurring third-party fees (such as legal, consulting or contract fees). This ratio is evaluated at least annually and updated more frequently if necessary to better indicate risk associated with the loan. A higher debt service coverage ratio indicates the borrower is less likely to default on the loan. The debt service coverage ratio is not used without considering other factors associated with the borrower, such as the borrower’s liquidity or access to other resources that may result in our expectation that the borrower will continue to make the future scheduled payments.

The following tables set forth commercial mortgage loans by year of origination and credit quality indicator as of March 31, 2024:


(Amounts in millions)	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		2019 and prior		Total

Debt-to-value:
0% - 50%	$	15	$	19	$	74	$	85	$	115	$	2,022	$	2,330
51% - 60%		—		29		95		226		95		961		1,406
61% - 75%		30		222		755		589		263		1,103		2,962
76% - 100%		—		—		—		—		4		46		50
Greater than 100%		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Total amortized cost	$	45	$	270	$	924	$	900	$	477	$	4,132	$	6,748

Debt service coverage ratio:
Less than 1.00	$	—	$	—	$	17	$	4	$	17	$	224	$	262
1.00 - 1.25		—		14		37		9		19		180		259
1.26 - 1.50		22		171		221		103		67		614		1,198
1.51 - 2.00		12		65		394		419		203		1,502		2,595
Greater than 2.00		11		20		255		365		171		1,612		2,434

Total amortized cost	$	45	$	270	$	924	$	900	$	477	$	4,132	$	6,748

Table of Contents

GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following tables set forth the debt-to-value of commercial mortgage loans by property type as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2024
(Amounts in millions)	0% - 50%			51% - 60%			61% - 75%			76% - 100%			Greater than 100%			Total
Property type:
Retail	$	939		$	704		$	1,186		$	—		$	—		$	2,829
Office		345			329			757			35			—			1,466
Industrial		642			249			524			—			—			1,415
Apartments		197			54			255			8			—			514
Mixed use		119			60			182			7			—			368
Other		88			10			58			—			—			156

Total amortized cost	$	2,330		$	1,406		$	2,962		$	50		$	—		$	6,748

% of total		34	%		21	%		44	%		1	%		—	%		100	%

Weighted-average debt service coverage ratio		2.41			1.87			1.66			0.87			—			1.96


	December 31, 2023
(Amounts in millions)	0% - 50%			51% - 60%			61% - 75%			76% - 100%			Greater than 100%			Total
Property type:
Retail	$	945		$	686		$	1,227		$	—		$	—		$	2,858
Office		350			325			771			35			—			1,481
Industrial		670			250			520			—			—			1,440
Apartments		194			61			259			8			—			522
Mixed use		120			61			183			7			—			371
Other		89			10			58			—			—			157

Total amortized cost	$	2,368		$	1,393		$	3,018		$	50		$	—		$	6,829

% of total		35	%		20	%		44	%		1	%		—	%		100	%

Weighted-average debt service coverage ratio		2.42			1.87			1.66			0.87			—			1.96

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The following tables set forth the debt service coverage ratio for fixed rate commercial mortgage loans by property type as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2024
(Amounts in millions)	Less than 1.00			1.00 - 1.25			1.26 - 1.50			1.51 - 2.00			Greater than 2.00			Total

Property type:
Retail	$	52		$	104		$	581		$	1,133		$	959		$	2,829
Office		104			47			242			609			464			1,466
Industrial		43			29			193			473			677			1,415
Apartments		12			51			81			185			185			514
Mixed use		27			14			79			163			85			368
Other		24			14			22			32			64			156

Total amortized cost	$	262		$	259		$	1,198		$	2,595		$	2,434		$	6,748

% of total		4	%		4	%		18	%		38	%		36	%		100	%

Weighted-average debt-to-value		64	%		62	%		64	%		57	%		46	%		55	%


	December 31, 2023
(Amounts in millions)	Less than 1.00			1.00 - 1.25			1.26 - 1.50			1.51 - 2.00			Greater than 2.00			Total

Property type:
Retail	$	54		$	105		$	583		$	1,142		$	974		$	2,858
Office		105			48			244			615			469			1,481
Industrial		43			30			181			471			715			1,440
Apartments		12			51			86			187			186			522
Mixed use		27			14			80			164			86			371
Other		24			15			22			32			64			157

Total amortized cost	$	265		$	263		$	1,196		$	2,611		$	2,494		$	6,829

% of total		4	%		4	%		17	%		38	%		37	%		100	%

Weighted-average debt-to-value		64	%		63	%		65	%		58	%		46	%		55	%

(5) Derivative Instruments

Our business activities routinely deal with fluctuations in interest rates, equity prices, currency exchange rates and other asset and liability prices. We use derivative instruments to mitigate or reduce some of these risks. We have established policies for managing each of these risks, including prohibitions on derivatives market-making and other speculative derivatives activities. These policies require the use of derivative instruments in concert with other techniques to reduce or mitigate these risks. While we use derivatives to mitigate or reduce risks, certain derivatives do not meet the accounting requirements to be designated as hedging instruments and are denoted as “derivatives not designated as hedges” in the following disclosures. For derivatives that meet the accounting requirements to be designated as hedges, the following disclosures for these derivatives are denoted as “derivatives designated as hedges,” which include cash flow hedges.

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The following table sets forth our positions in derivative instruments as of the dates indicated:


	Derivative assets					Derivative liabilities
		Fair value					Fair value
(Amounts in millions)	Balance sheet classification	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023		Balance sheet classification	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Derivatives designated as hedges
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps	Other invested assets	$	35	$	55	Other liabilities	$	606	$	490
Foreign currency swaps	Other invested assets		11		10	Other liabilities		2		2
Forward bond purchase commitments	Other invested assets		41		51	Other liabilities		1		—

Total cash flow hedges			87		116			609		492

Total derivatives designated as hedges			87		116			609		492

Derivatives not designated as hedges
Equity index options	Other invested assets		20		15	Other liabilities		—		—
Financial futures (1)	Other invested assets		—		—	Other liabilities		—		—
Forward bond purchase commitments	Other invested assets		—		—	Other liabilities		12		9
Fixed indexed annuity embedded derivatives	Other assets		—		—	Policyholder account balances (2)		163		165
Indexed universal life embedded derivatives	Reinsurance recoverable		—		—	Policyholder account balances (3)		15		15

Total derivatives not designated as hedges			20		15			190		189

Total derivatives		$	107	$	131		$	799	$	681

(1)	The period end valuations of financial futures were zero as a result of settling the margins on these contracts on a daily basis.

(2)	Represents the embedded derivatives associated with our fixed indexed annuity liabilities.

(3)	Represents the embedded derivatives associated with our indexed universal life liabilities.

The fair value of derivative positions presented above was not offset by the respective collateral amounts received or provided under these agreements.

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The activity associated with derivative instruments can generally be measured by the change in notional value over the periods presented. However, for fixed indexed annuity embedded derivatives and indexed universal life embedded derivatives, the change between periods is best illustrated by the number of policies. The following tables represent activity associated with derivative instruments as of the dates indicated:


		December 31,				Maturities/			March 31,
(Notional in millions)	Measurement	2023		Additions		terminations			2024
Derivatives designated as hedges
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps	Notional	$	8,975	$	231	$	(101	)	$	9,105
Foreign currency swaps	Notional		131		13		—			144
Forward bond purchase commitments	Notional		1,075		934		—			2,009

Total cash flow hedges			10,181		1,178		(101	)		11,258

Total derivatives designated as hedges			10,181		1,178		(101	)		11,258

Derivatives not designated as hedges
Equity index options	Notional		702		178		(209	)		671
Financial futures	Notional		1,251		1,191		(1,268	)		1,174
Forward bond purchase commitments	Notional		500		—		—			500

Total derivatives not designated as hedges			2,453		1,369		(1,477	)		2,345

Total derivatives		$	12,634	$	2,547	$	(1,578	)	$	13,603


		December 31,				Maturities/			March 31,
(Number of policies)	Measurement	2023		Additions		terminations			2024
Derivatives not designated as hedges
Fixed indexed annuity embedded derivatives	Policies		5,826		—		(272	)		5,554
Indexed universal life embedded derivatives	Policies		749		—		(12	)		737

Cash Flow Hedges

Certain derivative instruments are designated as cash flow hedges. The changes in fair value of these instruments are recorded as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) (“OCI”). We designate and account for the following as cash flow hedges when they have met the effectiveness requirements: (i) various types of interest rate swaps to convert floating rate investments to fixed rate investments; (ii) various types of interest rate swaps to convert floating rate liabilities into fixed rate liabilities; (iii) receive U.S. dollar fixed on foreign currency swaps to hedge the foreign currency cash flow exposure of foreign currency denominated investments; (iv) forward starting interest rate swaps to hedge against changes in interest rates associated with future fixed rate bond purchases and/or interest income; (v) forward bond purchase commitments to hedge against the variability in the anticipated cash flows required to purchase future fixed rate bonds; and (vi) other instruments to hedge the cash flows of various forecasted transactions.

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The following table provides information about the pre-tax income effects of cash flow hedges for the three months ended March 31, 2024:


(Amounts in millions)	Gain (loss) recognized in OCI			Gain (loss) reclassified into net income from OCI			Classification of gain (loss) reclassified into net income	Gain (loss) recognized in net income		Classification of gain (loss) recognized in net income
Interest rate swaps hedging assets	$	(148	)	$	53		Net investment income	$	—	Net investment gains (losses)
Interest rate swaps hedging assets		—			4		Net investment gains (losses)		—	Net investment gains (losses)
Interest rate swaps hedging liabilities		—			(1	)	Interest expense		—	Net investment gains (losses)
Foreign currency swaps		1			—		Net investment income		—	Net investment gains (losses)
Forward bond purchase commitments		(11	)		—		Net investment gains (losses)		—	Net investment gains (losses)

Total	$	(158	)	$	56			$	—

The following table provides information about the pre-tax income effects of cash flow hedges for the three months ended March 31, 2023:


(Amounts in millions)	Gain (loss) recognized in OCI			Gain (loss) reclassified into net income from OCI			Classification of gain (loss) reclassified into net income	Gain (loss) recognized in net income		Classification of gain (loss) recognized in net income
Interest rate swaps hedging assets	$	146		$	54		Net investment income	$	—	Net investment gains (losses)
Interest rate swaps hedging assets		—			5		Net investment gains (losses)		—	Net investment gains (losses)
Interest rate swaps hedging liabilities		—			(1	)	Interest expense		—	Net investment gains (losses)
Interest rate swaps hedging liabilities		—			1		Net investment gains (losses)		—	Net investment gains (losses)
Foreign currency swaps		(1	)		—		Net investment income		—	Net investment gains (losses)
Forward currency swaps		—			2		Net investment gains (losses)		—	Net investment gains (losses)

Total	$	145		$	61			$	—

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The following table provides a reconciliation of current period changes, net of applicable income taxes, for these designated derivatives presented in the separate component of stockholders’ equity labeled “derivatives qualifying as hedges,” as of and for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2024			2023
Derivatives qualifying as effective accounting hedges as of January 1	$	1,010		$	1,200
Current period increases (decreases) in fair value, net of deferred taxes of $33 and $(31)		(125	)		114
Reclassification to net (income), net of deferred taxes of $20 and $21		(36	)		(40	)

Derivatives qualifying as effective accounting hedges as of March 31	$	849		$	1,274

The total of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges of $849 million, net of taxes, recorded in stockholders’ equity as of March 31, 2024 is expected to be reclassified to net income (loss) in the future, concurrently with and primarily offsetting changes in interest expense and interest income on floating rate instruments and interest income on future fixed rate bond purchases. Of this amount, $132 million, net of taxes, is expected to be reclassified to net income (loss) in the next 12 months. Actual amounts may vary from this amount as a result of market conditions. All forecasted transactions associated with qualifying cash flow hedges are expected to occur by 2057. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, we reclassified $2 million and $5 million, respectively, to net income in connection with forecasted transactions that were no longer considered reasonably possible of occurring.

Derivatives Not Designated As Hedges

We enter into certain non-qualifying derivative instruments such as equity index options and financial futures to mitigate the risks associated with liabilities that have guaranteed minimum benefits, fixed indexed annuities and indexed universal life. Our fixed indexed annuity and indexed universal life insurance products with certain features are required to be bifurcated as embedded derivatives. Additionally, we have forward bond purchase commitments to hedge against the variability in the anticipated cash flows required to purchase future fixed rate bonds.

The following table provides the pre-tax gain (loss) recognized in net income for the effects of derivatives not designated as hedges for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended
	March 31,						Classification of gain (loss) recognized in net income
(Amounts in millions)	2024			2023			Classification of gain (loss) recognized in net income
Equity index options	$	5		$	1		Net investment gains (losses)
Financial futures		(64	)		(2	)	Changes in fair value of market risk benefits and associated hedges
Forward bond purchase commitments		(4	)		—		Net investment gains (losses)
Fixed index annuity embedded derivatives		(8	)		(2	)	Net investment gains (losses)
Indexed universal life embedded derivatives		4			5		Net investment gains (losses)

Total derivatives not designated as hedges	$	(67	)	$	2

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Derivative Counterparty Credit Risk

Most of our derivative arrangements with counterparties require the posting of collateral upon meeting certain net exposure thresholds. The following table presents additional information about derivative assets and liabilities subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2024									December 31, 2023
(Amounts in millions)	Derivative assets (1)			Derivative liabilities (1)			Net derivatives			Derivative assets (1)			Derivative liabilities (1)			Net derivatives

Amounts presented in the balance sheet:
Gross amounts recognized	$	107		$	621		$	(514	)	$	131		$	501		$	(370	)
Gross amounts offset in the balance sheet		—			—			—			—			—			—

Net amounts presented in the balance sheet		107			621			(514	)		131			501			(370	)
Gross amounts not offset in the balance sheet:
Financial instruments (2)		(53	)		(53	)		—			(59	)		(59	)		—
Collateral received		(16	)		—			(16	)		(19	)		—			(19	)
Collateral pledged		—			(1,360	)		1,360			—			(1,100	)		1,100
Over collateralization		—			792			(792	)		—			658			(658	)

Net amount	$	38		$	—		$	38		$	53		$	—		$	53

(1)	Does not include amounts related to embedded derivatives as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

(2)	Amounts represent derivative assets and/or liabilities that are presented gross within the balance sheet but are held with the same counterparty where we have a master netting arrangement. This adjustment results in presenting the net asset and net liability position for each counterparty.

(6) Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

We have fixed maturity securities, equity securities, limited partnerships, derivatives, short-term investments, embedded derivatives, separate account assets, market risk benefits (“MRBs”) and certain other financial instruments, which are carried at fair value. Below is a description of the valuation techniques and inputs used to determine fair value by class of instrument.

Fixed maturity securities, equity securities and short-term investments

The fair value of fixed maturity securities, equity securities and short-term investments is estimated primarily based on information derived from third-party pricing services (“pricing services”), internal models and/or broker quotes, which may use a market approach, income approach or a combination of the market and income approach depending on the type of instrument and availability of information. In general, a market approach is utilized if there is readily available and relevant market activity for an individual security. In certain cases where market information is not available for a specific security but is available for similar securities, that security is valued using market information for similar securities, which is also a market approach. When market information is not available for a specific security (or similar securities) or is available but such information is less relevant or reliable, an income approach or a combination of a market and income approach is utilized. For

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securities with optionality, such as call or prepayment features (including mortgage-backed or asset-backed securities), an income approach may be used. These valuation techniques may change from period to period, based on the relevance and availability of market data.

Further, while we consider the valuations provided by pricing services and broker quotes to be of high quality, management determines the fair value of our investment securities after considering all relevant and available information.

In general, we first obtain valuations from pricing services. If prices are unavailable for public securities, we obtain broker quotes. For all securities, excluding certain private fixed maturity securities, if neither a pricing service nor broker quotes valuation is available, we determine fair value using internal models. For certain private fixed maturity securities where we do not obtain valuations from pricing services, we utilize an internal model to determine fair value since transactions for similar securities are not readily observable and these securities are not typically valued by pricing services.

Given our understanding of the pricing methodologies and procedures of pricing services, the securities valued by pricing services are typically classified as Level 2 unless we determine the valuation process for a security or group of securities utilizes significant unobservable inputs, which would result in the valuation being classified as Level 3. Broker quotes may be utilized when pricing services data is not available and are typically classified as Level 3 due to the use of significant unobservable inputs.

For private fixed maturity securities, we utilize an income approach where we obtain public bond spreads and utilize those in an internal model to determine fair value. Other inputs to the model include rating and weighted-average life, as well as sector which is used to assign the spread. We then add an additional premium, which represents an unobservable input, to the public bond spread to adjust for the liquidity and other features of our private placements. We utilize the estimated market yield to discount the expected cash flows of the security to determine fair value. We utilize price caps for securities where the estimated market yield results in a valuation that may exceed the amount that would be received in a market transaction. When a security does not have an external rating, we assign the security an internal rating to determine the appropriate public bond spread that should be utilized in the valuation. While we generally consider the public bond spreads by sector and maturity to be observable inputs, we evaluate the similarities of our private placements with the public bonds, price caps, liquidity premiums applied, and whether external ratings are available for our private placements to determine whether the spreads utilized would be considered observable inputs. We classify private securities without an external rating or public bond spread as Level 3. In general, a significant increase (decrease) in credit spreads would have resulted in a significant decrease (increase) in the fair value for our fixed maturity securities as of March 31, 2024.

For remaining securities priced using internal models, we determine fair value using an income approach. We maximize the use of observable inputs but typically utilize significant unobservable inputs to determine fair value. Accordingly, the valuations are typically classified as Level 3.

Our assessment of whether or not there were significant unobservable inputs related to fixed maturity securities was based on our observations obtained through the course of managing our investment portfolio, including interaction with other market participants, observations related to the availability and consistency of pricing and/or rating, and understanding of general market activity such as new issuance and the level of secondary market trading for a class of securities. Additionally, we considered data obtained from pricing services to determine whether our estimated values incorporate significant unobservable inputs that would result in the valuation being classified as Level 3.

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A summary of the inputs used for our financial instruments carried at fair value based on the level in which instruments are classified is included below. We have combined certain classes of instruments together as the nature of the inputs is similar.

Level 1 measurements

Equity securities.

The primary inputs to the valuation of exchange-traded equity securities include quoted prices for the identical instrument.

Separate account assets.

The fair value of separate account assets is based on the quoted prices of the underlying fund investments and, therefore, represents Level 1 pricing.

Level 2 measurements

Fixed maturity securities

•

Third-party pricing services:

In estimating the fair value of fixed maturity securities, 88% of our portfolio was priced using third-party pricing services as of March 31, 2024. These pricing services utilize industry-standard valuation techniques that include market-based approaches, income-based approaches, a combination of market-based and income-based approaches or other proprietary, internally generated models as part of the valuation processes. These third-party pricing vendors maximize the use of publicly available data inputs to generate valuations for each asset class. Priority and type of inputs used may change frequently as certain inputs may be more direct drivers of valuation at the time of pricing. Examples of significant inputs incorporated by pricing services may include sector and issuer spreads, seasoning, capital structure, security optionality, collateral data, prepayment assumptions, default assumptions, delinquencies, debt covenants, benchmark yields, trade data, dealer quotes, credit ratings, maturity and weighted-average life. We conduct regular meetings with our pricing services for the purpose of understanding the methodologies, techniques and inputs used by the third-party pricing providers.

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The following table presents a summary of the significant inputs used by our pricing services for certain fair value measurements of

fixed

maturity securities that are classified as Level 2 as of March 31, 2024:


(Amounts in millions)	Fair value		Primary methodologies	Significant inputs
U.S. government, agencies and government-sponsored enterprises	$	3,460	Price quotes from trading desk, broker feeds	Bid side prices, trade prices, Option Adjusted Spread (“OAS”) to swap curve, Bond Market Association OAS, Treasury Curve, Agency Bullet Curve, maturity to issuer spread

State and political subdivisions	$	2,201	Multi-dimensional attribute-based modeling systems, third-party pricing vendors	Trade prices, material event notices, Municipal Market Data benchmark yields, broker quotes

Non-U.S. government	$	613	Matrix pricing, spread priced to benchmark curves, price quotes from market makers	Benchmark yields, trade prices, broker quotes, comparative transactions, issuer spreads, bid-offer spread, market research publications, third-party pricing sources

U.S. corporate	$	23,802	Multi-dimensional attribute-based modeling systems, broker quotes, price quotes from market makers, OAS-based models	Bid side prices to Treasury Curve, Issuer Curve, which includes sector, quality, duration, OAS percentage and change for spread matrix, trade prices, comparative transactions, Trade Reporting and Compliance Engine (“TRACE”) reports

Non-U.S. corporate	$	6,174	Multi-dimensional attribute-based modeling systems, OAS-based models, price quotes from market makers	Benchmark yields, trade prices, broker quotes, comparative transactions, issuer spreads, bid-offer spread, market research publications, third-party pricing sources

Residential mortgage-backed	$	873	OAS-based models, single factor binomial models, internally priced	Prepayment and default assumptions, aggregation of bonds with similar characteristics, including collateral type, vintage, tranche type, weighted-average life, weighted-average loan age, issuer program and delinquency ratio, pay up and pay down factors, TRACE reports

Commercial mortgage-backed	$	1,310	Multi-dimensional attribute-based modeling systems, pricing matrix, spread matrix priced to swap curves, Trepp commercial mortgage-backed securities analytics model	Credit risk, interest rate risk, prepayment speeds, new issue data, collateral performance, origination year, tranche type, original credit ratings, weighted-average life, cash flows, spreads derived from broker quotes, bid side prices, spreads to daily updated swaps curves, TRACE reports

Other asset-backed	$	2,182	Multi-dimensional attribute-based modeling systems, spread matrix priced to swap curves, price quotes from market makers	Spreads to daily updated swap curves, spreads derived from trade prices and broker quotes, bid side prices, new issue data, collateral performance, analysis of prepayment speeds, cash flows, collateral loss analytics, historical issue analysis, trade data from market makers, TRACE reports

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•

Internal models:

A portion of our U.S. corporate and non-U.S. corporate securities are valued using internal models. The fair value of these fixed maturity securities was $1,571 million and $837 million, respectively, as of March 31, 2024. Internally modeled securities are primarily private fixed maturity securities where we use market observable inputs such as an interest rate yield curve, published credit spreads for similar securities based on the external ratings of the instrument and related industry sector of the issuer. Additionally, we may apply certain price caps and liquidity premiums in the valuation of private fixed maturity securities. Price caps and liquidity premiums are established using inputs from market participants.

Equity securities.

The primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices for identical assets, or similar assets in markets that are not active.

Short-term investments.

The fair value of short-term investments classified as Level 2 is determined after considering prices obtained by pricing services.

Level 3 measurements

Fixed maturity securities

•

Broker quotes:

A portion of our state and political subdivisions, U.S. corporate, non-U.S. corporate, residential mortgage-backed, commercial mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities are valued using broker quotes. Broker quotes are obtained from third-party providers that have current market knowledge to provide a reasonable price for securities not routinely priced by pricing services. Brokers utilized for valuation of assets are reviewed annually. The fair value of our Level 3 fixed maturity securities priced by broker quotes was $211 million as of March 31, 2024.

•

Internal models:

A portion of our state and political subdivisions, U.S. corporate, non-U.S. corporate, residential mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities are valued using internal models. The primary inputs to the valuation of the bond population include quoted prices for identical assets, or similar assets in markets that are not active, contractual cash flows, duration, call provisions, issuer rating, benchmark yields and credit spreads. Certain private fixed maturity securities are valued using an internal model using market observable inputs such as the interest rate yield curve, as well as published credit spreads for similar securities, which includes significant unobservable inputs. Additionally, we may apply certain price caps and liquidity premiums in the valuation of private fixed maturity securities. Price caps are established using inputs from market participants. For structured securities, the primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices for identical assets, or similar assets in markets that are not active, contractual cash flows, weighted-average coupon, weighted-average maturity, issuer rating, structure of the security, expected prepayment speeds and volumes, collateral type, current and forecasted loss severity, average delinquency rates, vintage of the loans, geographic region, debt service coverage ratios, payment priority with the tranche, benchmark yields and credit spreads. The fair value of our Level 3 fixed maturity securities priced using internal models was $2,831 million as of March 31, 2024.

Equity securities.

The primary inputs to the valuation include broker quotes where the underlying inputs are unobservable and for internal models, structure of the security and issuer rating.

Limited partnerships.

The fair value of limited partnerships classified as Level 3 is determined based on third-party valuation sources that utilize unobservable inputs, such as a reference to public market or private transactions, valuations for comparable companies or assets, discounted cash flows and/or recent transactions.

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Short-term investments.

The primary inputs to the valuation include quoted prices for identical assets, or similar assets in markets that are not active, contractual cash flows, duration, call provisions, issuer rating, benchmark yields and credit spreads. Certain securities are valued using an internal model using market observable inputs such as the interest rate yield curve, as well as published credit spreads for similar securities, which include significant unobservable inputs.

Net asset value

Limited partnerships.

Limited partnerships are valued based on comparable market transactions, discounted future cash flows, quoted market prices and/or estimates using the most recent data available for the underlying instrument. We utilize the net asset value (“NAV”) from the underlying fund statements as a practical expedient for fair value.

Derivatives

We consider counterparty collateral arrangements and rights of set-off when evaluating our net credit risk exposure to our derivative counterparties. Accordingly, we are permitted to include consideration of these arrangements when determining whether any incremental adjustment should be made for both the counterparty’s and our non-performance risk in measuring fair value for our derivative instruments. As a result of these counterparty arrangements, we determined that any adjustment for credit risk would not be material and we have not recorded any incremental adjustment for our non-performance risk or the non-performance risk of the derivative counterparty for our derivative assets or liabilities.

Interest rate swaps.

The valuation of interest rate swaps is determined using an income approach. The primary input into the valuation represents the forward interest rate swap curve, which is generally considered an observable input, and results in the derivative being classified as Level 2. For certain interest rate swaps, the inputs into the valuation also include the total returns of certain bonds that would primarily be considered an observable input and result in the derivative being classified as Level 2.

Foreign currency swaps.

The valuation of foreign currency swaps is determined using an income approach. The primary inputs into the valuation represent the forward interest rate swap curve and foreign currency exchange rates, both of which are considered observable inputs, and results in the derivative being classified as Level 2.

Equity index options.

We have equity index options associated with various equity indices. The valuation of equity index options is determined using an income approach. The primary inputs into the valuation represent forward interest rates, equity index volatility, equity index and time value component associated with the optionality in the derivative. The equity index volatility surface is determined based on market information that is not readily observable and is developed based upon inputs received from several third-party sources. Accordingly, these options are classified as Level 3. As of March 31, 2024, a significant increase (decrease) in the equity index volatility discussed above would have resulted in a significantly higher (lower) fair value measurement.

Financial futures.

The fair value of financial futures is based on the closing exchange prices. Accordingly, these financial futures are classified as Level 1. The period end valuation is zero as a result of settling the margins on these contracts on a daily basis.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Forward bond purchase commitments.

The valuation of forward bond purchase commitments is determined using an income approach. The primary inputs into the valuation represent current bond prices and interest rates, as well as an estimate of the cost of counterparty financing to acquire and carry the bond during the forward period. The estimated cost of counterparty financing is not readily observable and is developed based upon an assumed spread; accordingly, these derivatives are classified as Level 3.

Fixed indexed annuity and indexed universal life embedded derivatives

We have fixed indexed annuity and indexed universal life insurance products where interest is credited to the policyholder’s account balance based on equity index changes. This feature is required to be bifurcated as an embedded derivative and recorded at fair value. Fair value is determined using an income approach where the present value of the excess cash flows above the guaranteed cash flows is used to determine the value attributed to the equity index feature. The inputs used in determining the fair value include policyholder behavior (lapses and withdrawals), near-term equity index volatility, expected future interest credited, forward interest rates and an adjustment to the discount rate to incorporate non-performance risk and risk margins. As a result of our assumptions for expected future interest credited being considered significant unobservable inputs, we classify these instruments as Level 3. As expected future interest credited decreases, the value of our embedded derivative liability will decrease. As of March 31, 2024, a significant change in the unobservable inputs discussed above would have resulted in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement.

Market risk benefits

MRBs are contracts or contract features that provide protection to the contractholder from and expose us to other-than-nominal capital market risk. MRBs include certain contract features on fixed and variable annuity products that provide minimum guarantees, in addition to the policyholder account balance, such as guaranteed minimum death benefits (“GMDBs”), guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits (“GMWBs”) and guaranteed payout annuity floor benefits (“GPAFs”). MRBs are measured at fair value using an income-based valuation model based on current net amounts at risk, market data, experience and other factors.

MRB assets and liabilities for minimum guarantees are valued and presented separately from the related separate account and policyholder account balances.

Fixed indexed annuities

The valuation of fixed indexed annuities MRBs, which includes GMWB features, is based on an income approach that incorporates inputs such as policyholder behavior (GMWB utilization, lapses and mortality), equity index volatility, expected future interest credited, forward interest rates and an adjustment to the discount rate to incorporate non-performance risk and risk margins. Our discount rate used to determine fair value of our fixed indexed annuities MRBs includes market credit spreads above U.S. Treasury rates to reflect an adjustment for the non-performance risk of the fixed indexed annuities MRBs. We determine fair value using an internal model based on the various inputs noted above. As a result of our assumptions for GMWB utilization, expected future interest credited and non-performance risk being considered significant unobservable inputs, we classify these instruments as Level 3. As expected future interest credited decreases or GMWB utilization increases, the value of our fixed indexed annuities MRB liability will increase. Any increase in non-performance risk would increase the discount rate and would decrease the fair value of the liability. As of March 31, 2024, a significant change in the unobservable inputs discussed above would have resulted in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement. Refer to note 11 for additional details related to the changes in the fair value measurement of fixed indexed annuities MRBs as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Variable annuities

The valuation of our variable annuities MRBs, which includes GMWB, GMDB and GPAF features, is based on an income approach that incorporates inputs such as policyholder behavior (GMWB utilization, lapses and mortality), equity index volatility, interest rates, equity index and fund correlation and an adjustment to the discount rate to incorporate non-performance risk and risk margins. Our discount rate used to determine fair value of our variable annuities MRBs includes market credit spreads above U.S. Treasury rates to reflect an adjustment for the non-performance risk of the variable annuities MRBs. We determine fair value using an internal model based on the various inputs noted above. We classify the variable annuities MRBs valuation as Level 3 based on having significant unobservable inputs, with policyholder behavior (GMWB utilization and lapses), equity index volatility and non-performance risk being considered the more significant unobservable inputs. As equity index volatility increases, the fair value of the variable annuities MRBs will increase. An increase in our lapse assumption would decrease the fair value of the variable annuities MRBs, whereas an increase in our GMWB utilization rate would increase the fair value. Any increase in non-performance risk would increase the discount rate and would decrease the fair value of the liability. As of March 31, 2024, a significant change in the unobservable inputs discussed above would have resulted in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement. Refer to note 11 for additional details related to the changes in the fair value measurement of variable annuities MRBs as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following tables set forth our assets by class of instrument that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2024
(Amounts in millions)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		NAV (1)

Assets
Investments:
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government, agencies and government-sponsored enterprises	$	3,460	$	—	$	3,460	$	—	$	—
State and political subdivisions		2,266		—		2,201		65		—
Non-U.S. government		613		—		613		—		—
U.S. corporate:
Utilities		4,277		—		3,410		867		—
Energy		2,370		—		2,310		60		—
Finance and insurance		7,167		—		6,437		730		—
Consumer—non-cyclical		4,506		—		4,442		64		—
Technology and communications		2,843		—		2,831		12		—
Industrial		1,160		—		1,145		15		—
Capital goods		2,144		—		2,110		34		—
Consumer—cyclical		1,603		—		1,485		118		—
Transportation		1,080		—		1,059		21		—
Other		287		—		144		143		—

Total U.S. corporate		27,437		—		25,373		2,064		—

Non-U.S. corporate:
Utilities		677		—		417		260		—
Energy		980		—		850		130		—
Finance and insurance		1,913		—		1,781		132		—
Consumer—non-cyclical		614		—		537		77		—
Technology and communications		861		—		837		24		—
Industrial		842		—		781		61		—
Capital goods		549		—		516		33		—
Consumer—cyclical		245		—		244		1		—
Transportation		413		—		391		22		—
Other		708		—		657		51		—

Total non-U.S. corporate		7,802		—		7,011		791		—

Residential mortgage-backed		876		—		873		3		—
Commercial mortgage-backed		1,321		—		1,310		11		—
Other asset-backed		2,290		—		2,182		108		—

Total fixed maturity securities		46,065		—		43,023		3,042		—

Equity securities		427		351		44		32		—
Limited partnerships		2,302		—		—		19		2,283
Other invested assets:
Derivative assets:
Interest rate swaps		35		—		35		—		—
Foreign currency swaps		11		—		11		—		—
Equity index options		20		—		—		20		—
Forward bond purchase commitments		41		—		—		41		—

Total derivative assets		107		—		46		61		—

Short-term investments		10		—		10		—		—

Total other invested assets		117		—		56		61		—

Separate account assets		4,645		4,645		—		—		—

Total assets	$	53,556	$	4,996	$	43,123	$	3,154	$	2,283

(1)	Limited partnerships that are measured at fair value using the NAV per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been categorized in the fair value hierarchy.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)


	December 31, 2023
(Amounts in millions)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		NAV (1)

Assets
Investments:
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. government, agencies and government-sponsored enterprises	$	3,494	$	—	$	3,494	$	—	$	—
State and political subdivisions		2,302		—		2,242		60		—
Non-U.S. government		626		—		626		—		—
U.S. corporate:
Utilities		4,273		—		3,392		881		—
Energy		2,372		—		2,312		60		—
Finance and insurance		7,278		—		6,561		717		—
Consumer—non-cyclical		4,505		—		4,436		69		—
Technology and communications		3,023		—		3,011		12		—
Industrial		1,233		—		1,210		23		—
Capital goods		2,181		—		2,146		35		—
Consumer—cyclical		1,649		—		1,527		122		—
Transportation		1,162		—		1,140		22		—
Other		309		—		160		149		—

Total U.S. corporate		27,985		—		25,895		2,090		—


Non-U.S. corporate:
Utilities		685		—		416		269		—
Energy		1,027		—		896		131		—
Finance and insurance		1,948		—		1,814		134		—
Consumer—non-cyclical		616		—		535		81		—
Technology and communications		891		—		867		24		—
Industrial		797		—		734		63		—
Capital goods		561		—		508		53		—
Consumer—cyclical		221		—		220		1		—
Transportation		364		—		342		22		—
Other		701		—		649		52		—

Total non-U.S. corporate		7,811		—		6,981		830		—

Residential mortgage-backed		907		—		904		3		—
Commercial mortgage-backed		1,418		—		1,407		11		—
Other asset-backed		2,238		—		2,136		102		—

Total fixed maturity securities		46,781		—		43,685		3,096		—

Equity securities		396		321		43		32		—
Limited partnerships		2,193		—		—		20		2,173
Other invested assets:
Derivative assets:
Interest rate swaps		55		—		55		—		—
Foreign currency swaps		10		—		10		—		—
Equity index options		15		—		—		15		—
Forward bond purchase commitments		51		—		—		51		—

Total derivative assets		131		—		65		66		—

Short-term investments		27		—		20		7		—

Total other invested assets		158		—		85		73		—

Separate account assets		4,509		4,509		—		—		—

Total assets	$	54,037	$	4,830	$	43,813	$	3,221	$	2,173

(1)	Limited partnerships that are measured at fair value using the NAV per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been categorized in the fair value hierarchy.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following tables present additional information about assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and for which we have utilized significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs to determine fair value as of and for the dates indicated:


	Beginning balance as of January 1, 2024		Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)						Purchases		Sales		Issuances		Settlements			Transfer into Level 3 (1)		Transfer out of Level 3 (1)			Ending balance as of March 31, 2024		Total gains (losses) attributable to assets still held
(Amounts in millions)	Beginning balance as of January 1, 2024		Included in net income			Included in OCI			Purchases		Sales		Issuances		Settlements			Transfer into Level 3 (1)		Transfer out of Level 3 (1)			Ending balance as of March 31, 2024		Included in net income			Included in OCI
Fixed maturity securities:
State and political subdivisions	$	60	$	1		$	4		$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	65	$	1		$	4
U.S. corporate:
Utilities		881		—			(20	)		32		—		—		(26	)		—		—			867		—			(20	)
Energy		60		—			—			—		—		—		—			—		—			60		—			—
Finance and insurance		717		—			(6	)		—		—		—		—			19		—			730		—			(6	)
Consumer—non-cyclical		69		—			—			—		—		—		(5	)		—		—			64		—			—
Technology and communications		12		—			—			—		—		—		—			—		—			12		—			—
Industrial		23		—			—			—		—		—		(8	)		—		—			15		—			—
Capital goods		35		—			(1	)		—		—		—		—			—		—			34		—			(1	)
Consumer—cyclical		122		—			(3	)		—		—		—		(1	)		—		—			118		—			(3	)
Transportation		22		—			—			—		—		—		(1	)		—		—			21		—			—
Other		149		—			(2	)		—		—		—		(4	)		—		—			143		—			(2	)

Total U.S. corporate		2,090		—			(32	)		32		—		—		(45	)		19		—			2,064		—			(32	)

Non-U.S. corporate:
Utilities		269		—			(4	)		10		—		—		(15	)		—		—			260		—			(4	)
Energy		131		—			(1	)		—		—		—		—			—		—			130		—			(1	)
Finance and insurance		134		2			(4	)		—		—		—		—			—		—			132		2			(4	)
Consumer—non-cyclical		81		—			(1	)		—		—		—		(3	)		—		—			77		—			—
Technology and communications		24		—			—			—		—		—		—			—		—			24		—			—
Industrial		63		—			(1	)		—		—		—		(1	)		—		—			61		—			(1	)
Capital goods		53		—			—			—		—		—		(20	)		—		—			33		—			—
Consumer—cyclical		1		—			—			—		—		—		—			—		—			1		—			—
Transportation		22		—			—			—		—		—		—			—		—			22		—			—
Other		52		—			(1	)		—		—		—		—			—		—			51		—			(1	)

Total non-U.S. corporate		830		2			(12	)		10		—		—		(39	)		—		—			791		2			(11	)

Residential mortgage-backed		3		—			—			—		—		—		—			—		—			3		—			—
Commercial mortgage-backed		11		—			—			—		—		—		—			—		—			11		—			—
Other asset-backed		102		—			—			15		—		—		(2	)		—		(7	)		108		—			(1	)

Total fixed maturity securities		3,096		3			(40	)		57		—		—		(86	)		19		(7	)		3,042		3			(40	)

Equity securities		32		—			—			—		—		—		—			—		—			32		—			—
Limited partnerships		20		(1	)		—			—		—		—		—			—		—			19		(1	)		—
Other invested assets:
Derivative assets:
Equity index options		15		5			—			4		—		—		(4	)		—		—			20		4			—
Forward bond purchase commitments		51		—			(10	)		—		—		—		—			—		—			41		—			(10	)

Total derivative assets		66		5			(10	)		4		—		—		(4	)		—		—			61		4			(10	)
Short-term investments		7		—			—			—		—		—		(7	)		—		—			—		—			—

Total other invested assets		73		5			(10	)		4		—		—		(11	)		—		—			61		4			(10	)

Total Level 3 assets	$	3,221	$	7		$	(50	)	$	61	$	—	$	—	$	(97	)	$	19	$	(7	)	$	3,154	$	6		$	(50	)

(1)

The transfers into and out of Level 3 for fixed maturity securities were related to changes in the primary pricing source and changes in the observability of external information used in determining the fair value, such as external ratings or credit spreads, as well as changes in the industry sectors assigned to specific securities.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)


(Amounts in millions)	Beginning balance as of January 1, 2023		Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)															Transfer into Level 3 (1)		Transfer out of Level 3 (1)			Ending balance as of March 31, 2023		Total gains (losses) attributable to assets still held
(Amounts in millions)	Beginning balance as of January 1, 2023		Included in net income			Included in OCI		Purchases		Sales			Issuances		Settlements			Transfer into Level 3 (1)		Transfer out of Level 3 (1)			Ending balance as of March 31, 2023		Included in net income			Included in OCI

Fixed maturity securities:
State and political subdivisions	$	55	$	1		$	3	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	59	$	1		$	3
U.S. corporate:
Utilities		842		—			11		40		(9	)		—		—			—		(25	)		859		—			10
Energy		116		—			1		—		(1	)		—		(1	)		—		—			115		—			2
Finance and insurance		687		—			3		15		—			—		(5	)		—		(3	)		697		—			4
Consumer—non-cyclical		82		—			1		—		—			—		(14	)		—		—			69		—			1
Technology and communications		24		—			1		—		—			—		—			—		(13	)		12		—			—
Industrial		22		—			—		—		—			—		—			—		—			22		—			—
Capital goods		34		—			—		—		—			—		—			—		—			34		—			1
Consumer—cyclical		113		—			2		—		—			—		(1	)		13		—			127		—			2
Transportation		43		—			1		—		—			—		(20	)		—		—			24		—			—
Other		159		—			—		—		—			—		(3	)		—		—			156		—			—

Total U.S. corporate		2,122		—			20		55		(10	)		—		(44	)		13		(41	)		2,115		—			20

Non-U.S. corporate:
Utilities		295		—			5		3		—			—		(5	)		—		—			298		—			5
Energy		118		—			2		—		—			—		(1	)		—		—			119		—			2
Finance and insurance		125		1			5		—		—			—		—			—		—			131		1			4
Consumer—non-cyclical		73		—			—		—		—			—		—			—		—			73		—			1
Technology and communications		26		—			—		—		—			—		—			—		—			26		—			—
Industrial		48		—			2		25		—			—		—			—		—			75		—			2
Capital goods		95		1			4		—		(12	)		—		(36	)		—		—			52		—			2
Consumer—cyclical		64		—			6		—		(6	)		—		(55	)		—		—			9		—			1
Transportation		20		—			1		1		—			—		—			—		—			22		—			1
Other		21		—			1		—		—			—		—			—		—			22		—			—

Total non-U.S. corporate		885		2			26		29		(18	)		—		(97	)		—		—			827		1			18

Residential mortgage-backed		22		—			1		—		—			—		—			—		(15	)		8		—			—
Commercial mortgage-backed		12		—			—		—		—			—		—			—		—			12		—			—
Other asset-backed		94		—			2		2		—			—		(1	)		—		(2	)		95		—			2

Total fixed maturity securities		3,190		3			52		86		(28	)		—		(142	)		13		(58	)		3,116		2			43

Equity securities		34		—			—		—		(1	)		—		—			—		—			33		—			—
Limited partnerships		24		(2	)		—		—		—			—		—			—		—			22		(2	)		—
Other invested assets:
Derivative assets:
Equity index options		6		1			—		3		—			—		—			—		—			10		1			—

Total derivative assets		6		1			—		3		—			—		—			—		—			10		1			—

Total other invested assets		6		1			—		3		—			—		—			—		—			10		1			—

Total Level 3 assets	$	3,254	$	2		$	52	$	89	$	(29	)	$	—	$	(142	)	$	13	$	(58	)	$	3,181	$	1		$	43

(1)

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table presents the gains and losses included in net income from assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and for which we have utilized significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs to determine fair value and the related income statement line item in which these gains and losses were presented for the three months ended March 31:


(Amounts in millions)	2024		2023
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) included in net income:
Net investment income	$	3	$	3
Net investment gains (losses)		4		(1	)

Tota l	$	7	$	2

Net gains (losses) included in net income attributable to assets still held:
Net investment income	$	3	$	2
Net investment gains (losses)		3		(1	)

Tota l	$	6	$	1

The amount presented for net investment income relates to fixed maturity securities and primarily represents amortization and accretion of premiums and discounts on certain fixed maturity securities.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table presents a summary of the significant unobservable inputs used for certain asset fair value measurements that are based on internal models and classified as Level 3 as of March 31, 2024:


(Amounts in millions)	Fair value		Unobservable input	Range	Weighted-average (1)
Fixed maturity securities:
U.S. corporate:
Utilities	$	839	Credit spreads	56bps - 186bps	130bps
Energy		46	Credit spreads	89bps - 167bps	136bps
Finance and insurance		718	Credit spreads	14bps - 216bps	155bps
Consumer—non-cyclical		64	Credit spreads	77bps - 225bps	134bps
Technology and communications		12	Credit spreads	65bps - 77bps	70bps
Industrial		15	Credit spreads	89bps - 167bps	114bps
Capital goods		34	Credit spreads	79bps - 158bps	127bps
Consumer—cyclical		118	Credit spreads	77bps - 242bps	132bps
Transportation		20	Credit spreads	43bps - 129bps	94bps
Other		96	Credit spreads	74bps - 115 bps	84bps

Total U.S. corporate	$	1,962	Credit spreads	14bps - 242bps	137bps

Non-U.S. corporate:
Utilities	$	221	Credit spreads	76bps - 183bps	122bps
Energy		125	Credit spreads	89bps - 175bps	119bps
Finance and insurance		132	Credit spreads	99bps - 197bps	130bps
Consumer—non-cyclical		75	Credit spreads	79bps - 140bps	96bps
Technology and communications		24	Credit spreads	79bps - 118bps	92bps
Industrial		60	Credit spreads	104bps - 175bps	141bps
Capital goods		32	Credit spreads	92bps - 205bps	143bps
Transportation		20	Credit spreads	104bps - 140bps	112bps
Other		51	Credit spreads	56bps - 130bps	112bps

Total non-U.S. corporate	$	740	Credit spreads	56bps - 205bps	121bps

Derivative assets:
Equity index options	$	20	Equity index volatility	6% - 36%	23%
Forward bond purchase commitments	$	41	Counterparty financing spreads	28bps - 41bps	36bps
Other assets (2)	$	123	Lapse rate	2% - 9%	5%
			Non-performance risk
			(counterparty credit risk)	42bps - 83bps	69bps
			Equity index volatility	14% - 30%	22%

(1)	Unobservable inputs weighted by the relative fair value of the associated instrument for fixed maturity securities, notional for derivative assets and the policyholder account balances associated with the instrument for the net reinsured portion of our variable annuity MRBs.

(2)	Represents the net reinsured portion of our variable annuity MRBs.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The assets included in the table above are valued using internal models for our fixed maturity securities and discounted cash flows for derivative and other assets. Certain classes of instruments classified as Level 3 are excluded above as a result of not being material or due to limitations in being able to obtain the underlying inputs used by certain third-party sources, such as broker quotes, used as an input in determining fair value.

The following tables set forth our liabilities by class of instrument that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2024
(Amounts in millions)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3

Liabilities
Policyholder account balances:
Fixed indexed annuity embedded derivatives	$	163	$	—	$	—	$	163
Indexed universal life embedded derivatives		15		—		—		15

Total policyholder account balances		178		—		—		178

Derivative liabilities:
Interest rate swaps		606		—		606		—
Foreign currency swaps		2		—		2		—
Forward bond purchase commitments		13		—		—		13

Total derivative liabilities		621		—		608		13

Total liabilities	$	799	$	—	$	608	$	191


	December 31, 2023
(Amounts in millions)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3

Liabilities
Policyholder account balances:
Fixed indexed annuity embedded derivatives	$	165	$	—	$	—	$	165
Indexed universal life embedded derivatives		15		—		—		15

Total policyholder account balances		180		—		—		180

Derivative liabilities:
Interest rate swaps		490		—		490		—
Foreign currency swaps		2		—		2		—
Forward bond purchase commitments		9		—		—		9

Total derivative liabilities		501		—		492		9

Total liabilities	$	681	$	—	$	492	$	189

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following tables present additional information about liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and for which we have utilized significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs to determine fair value as of and for the dates indicated:


	Beginning balance as of January 1, 2024		Total realized and unrealized (gains) losses																			Ending balance as of March 31, 2024		Total (gains) losses attributable to liabilities still held
(Amounts in millions)	Beginning balance as of January 1, 2024		Included in net (income)			Included in OCI		Purchases		Sales		Issuances		Settlements			Transfer into Level 3		Transfer out of Level 3			Ending balance as of March 31, 2024		Included in net (income)			Included in OCI

Policyholder account balances:
Fixed indexed annuity embedded derivatives	$	165	$	8		$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(9	)	$	—	$	(1	)	$	163	$	8		$	—
Indexed universal life embedded derivatives		15		(4	)		—		—		—		4		—			—		—			15		(4	)		—

Total policyholder account balances		180		4			—		—		—		4		(9	)		—		(1	)		178		4			—

Derivative liabilities:
Forward bond purchase commitments		9		4			—		—		—		—		—			—		—			13		4			—

Total derivative liabilities		9		4			—		—		—		—		—			—		—			13		4			—

Total Level 3 liabilities	$	189	$	8		$	—	$	—	$	—	$	4	$	(9	)	$	—	$	(1	)	$	191	$	8		$	—


	Beginning balance as of January 1, 2023		Total realized and unrealized (gains) losses																			Ending balance as of March 31, 2023		Total (gains) losses attributable to liabilities still held
(Amounts in millions)	Beginning balance as of January 1, 2023		Included in net (income)			Included in OCI		Purchases		Sales		Issuances		Settlements			Transfer into Level 3		Transfer out of Level 3			Ending balance as of March 31, 2023		Included in net (income)			Included in OCI
								Purchases		Sales		Issuances		Settlements			Transfer into Level 3		Transfer out of Level 3
Policyholder account balances:
Fixed indexed annuity embedded derivatives	$	202	$	2		$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(19	)	$	—	$	(1	)	$	184	$	2		$	—
Indexed universal life embedded derivatives		15		(5	)		—		—		—		5		—			—		—			15		(5	)		—

Total policyholder account balances		217		(3	)		—		—		—		5		(19	)		—		(1	)		199		(3	)		—

Total Level 3 liabilities	$	217	$	(3	)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	5	$	(19	)	$	—	$	(1	)	$	199	$	(3	)	$	—

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table presents the gains and losses included in net (income) from liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and for which we have utilized significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs to determine fair value and the related income statement line item in which these gains and losses were presented for the three months ended March 31:


(Amounts in millions)	2024		2023
Total realized and unrealized (gains) losses included in net (income):
Net investment income	$	—	$	—
Net investment (gains) losses		8		(3	)

Tota l	$	8	$	(3	)

Total (gains) losses included in net (income) attributable to liabilities still held:
Net investment income	$	—	$	—
Net investment (gains) losses		8		(3	)

Tota l	$	8	$	(3	)

Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements represent the activity that occurred during the period that results in a change of the asset or liability but does not represent changes in fair value for the instruments held at the beginning of the period. Such activity primarily consists of purchases, sales and settlements of fixed maturity and equity securities and purchases, issuances and settlements of derivative instruments.

Issuances for fixed indexed annuity and indexed universal life embedded derivative liabilities represent the amount of the premium received that is attributed to the value of the embedded derivative. Settlements of embedded derivatives are characterized as the change in fair value upon exercising the embedded derivative instrument, effectively representing a settlement of the embedded derivative instrument. We have shown these changes in fair value separately based on the classification of this activity as effectively issuing and settling the embedded derivative instrument with all remaining changes in the fair value of these embedded derivative instruments being shown separately in the category labeled “included in net (income)” in the tables presented above.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table presents a summary of the significant unobservable inputs used for certain liability fair value measurements that are based on internal models and classified as Level 3 as of March 31, 2024:


(Amounts in millions)	Fair value		Unobservable input	Range	Weighted-average (1)
Policyholder account balances:
Fixed indexed annuity embedded derivatives	$	163	Expected future interest credited	1 % - 3%		2%
Indexed universal life embedded derivatives	$	15	Expected future interest credited	2% - 12%		5%
Market risk benefits (2) :
Fixed indexed annuities	$	47	GMWB utilization rate	— % - 68%		55%
			Non-performance risk (credit spreads)	42bps - 83bps		69bps
			Expected future interest credited	1% - 3%		2%

Variable annuities	$	429	Lapse rate	2% - 11%		5%
			GMWB utilization rate	63% - 89%		78%
			Non-performance risk (credit spreads)	42bps - 83bps		69bps
			Equity index volatility	14% - 30%		22%
Derivative liabilities:
Forward bond purchase commitments	$	13	Counterparty financing spreads	28bps - 41bps		38bps

(1)	Unobservable inputs weighted by the policyholder account balances associated with the instrument and notional for derivative liabilities .

(2)	Refer to note 11 for additional details related to MRBs.

The liabilities included in the table above are valued using an option budget method for our fixed indexed annuity and indexed universal life embedded derivative liabilities and discounted cash flows for our MRBs and derivative liabilities.

Assets and Liabilities Not Required to Be Carried at Fair Value

Assets and liabilities that are reflected in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements at fair value are not included in the following disclosure of fair value. Such items include cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, investment securities, MRBs, separate accounts and derivative instruments. Apart from certain of our borrowings and certain marketable securities, few of the instruments are actively traded and their fair values must often be determined using internal models. The fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based upon available market information and judgments about the financial instruments, including estimates of the timing and amount of expected future cash flows and the credit standing of counterparties. Such estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time our entire holdings of a particular financial instrument, nor do they consider the tax impact of the realization of unrealized gains or losses. In many cases, the fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following represents our estimated fair value of financial assets and liabilities that are not required to be carried at fair value as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2024
	Notional amount			Carrying amount		Fair value
(Amounts in millions)	Notional amount			Carrying amount		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Commercial mortgage loans, net			(1)	$	6,719	$	6,213	$	—	$	—	$	6,213
Bank loan investments			(1)		520		514		—		—		514
Liabilities:
Long-term borrowings			(1)		1,579		1,461		—		1,461		—
Investment contracts			(1)		5,115		5,073		—		—		5,073
Commitments to fund investments:
Bank loan investments	$	119			—		—		—		—		—
Private placement investments		21			—		—		—		—		—
Commercial mortgage loans		28			—		—		—		—		—

(1)	These financial instruments do not have notional amounts.


	December 31, 2023
	Notional amount			Carrying amount		Fair value
(Amounts in millions)	Notional amount			Carrying amount		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Commercial mortgage loans, net			(1)	$	6,802	$	6,291	$	—	$	—	$	6,291
Bank loan investments			(1)		529		520		—		—		520
Liabilities:
Long-term borrowings			(1)		1,584		1,413		—		1,413		—
Investment contracts			(1)		5,346		5,372		—		—		5,372
Commitments to fund investments:
Bank loan investments	$	117			—		—		—		—		—
Private placement investments		42			—		—		—		—		—
Commercial mortgage loans		13			—		—		—		—		—

(1)	These financial instruments do not have notional amounts.

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we also had $23 million of real estate owned assets included in other invested assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets, which are initially recorded at fair value less estimated selling costs (the carrying value) and are subsequently valued at the lower of the carrying value or current fair value less estimated selling costs. As of December 31, 2023, these properties were adjusted to fair value less estimated selling costs, which was less than the carrying value. These amounts represented the fair value as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The fair value of the real estate owned assets is classified as Level 2.

Assets Measured Using Net Asset Value

Limited partnerships include partnership interests accounted for using NAV per share (or its equivalent) or fair value for those interests considered minor and partnership interests accounted for under the equity method of accounting for those interests exceeding the minor threshold. Our limited partnership interests accounted for

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

using NAV per share (or its equivalent) are generally not redeemable by the investees and generally cannot be sold without approval of the general partner. We receive distributions of income and proceeds from the liquidation of the underlying assets of the investees, which usually takes place in years

five

ten

of the typical contractual life of

ten

to 12 years.

The following table presents the carrying value of limited partnerships and commitments to fund as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
(Amounts in millions)	Carrying value		Commitments to fund		Carrying value		Commitments to fund
Limited partnerships accounted for at NAV:
Private equity funds (1)	$	2,047	$	1,140	$	1,948	$	1,203
Real estate funds (2)		121		87		123		87
Infrastructure funds (3)		115		151		102		160

Total limited partnerships accounted for at NAV		2,283		1,378		2,173		1,450

Limited partnerships accounted for at fair value		19		1		20		1
Limited partnerships accounted for under equity method of accounting		647		70		628		79

Total	$	2,949	$	1,449	$	2,821	$	1,530

(1)

This class employs various investment strategies such as leveraged buyout, growth equity, venture capital and mezzanine financing, generally investing in debt or equity positions directly in companies or assets of various sizes across diverse industries globally, primarily concentrated in North America.

(2)	This class invests in real estate in North America, Europe and Asia via direct property ownership, joint ventures, mortgages and investments in debt and equity instruments.

(3)	This class invests in the debt or equity of cash flow generating assets diversified across a variety of industries, including transportation, energy infrastructure, renewable power, social infrastructure, power generation, water, telecommunications and other regulated entities globally.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(7) Deferred Acquisition Costs

The following tables present the balances of and changes in deferred acquisition costs as of and for the periods indicated:


	March 31, 2024
(Amounts in millions)	Long-term care insurance			Life insurance			Fixed annuities			Variable annuities			Total
Balance as of January 1	$	879		$	941		$	45		$	98		$	1,963
Costs deferred		—			—			—			—			—
Amortization		(14	)		(34	)		(2	)		(4	)		(54	)

Balance as of March 31	$	865		$	907		$	43		$	94			1,909

Enact segment														25

Total deferred acquisition costs													$	1,934


	December 31, 2023
(Amounts in millions)	Long-term care insurance			Life insurance			Fixed annuities			Variable annuities			Total
Balance as of January 1	$	935		$	1,080		$	57		$	113		$	2,185
Costs deferred		1			—			—			—			1
Amortization		(57	)		(139	)		(12	)		(15	)		(223	)

Balance as of December 31	$	879		$	941		$	45		$	98			1,963

Enact segment														25

Total deferred acquisition costs													$	1,988

(8) Future Policy Benefits

The following table sets forth our liability for future policy benefits as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Long-term care insurance	$	42,339	$	43,929
Life insurance		1,648		1,698
Fixed annuities		11,361		11,829

Total long-duration insurance contracts		55,348		57,456

Deferred profit liability		131		128
Cost of reinsurance		66		71

Total future policy benefits	$	55,545	$	57,655

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following tables present the balances of and changes in the liability for future policy benefits as of and for the periods indicated:


	March 31, 2024
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Long-term care insurance			Life insurance			Fixed annuities
Present value of expected net premiums:
Beginning balance as of January 1	$	18,650		$	4,180		$	—
Beginning balance, at original discount rate	$	18,346		$	3,918		$	—
Effect of changes in cash flow assumptions		58			—			—
Effect of actual variances from expected experience		(142	)		(1	)		—

Adjusted beginning balance		18,262			3,917			—
Issuances		—			—			10
Interest accretion		234			55			—
Net premiums collected (1)		(463	)		(115	)		(10	)
Derecognition (lapses and withdrawals)		—			—			—
Other		—			—			—

Ending balance, at original discount rate		18,033			3,857			—
Effect of changes in discount rate assumptions		(55	)		154			—

Ending balance as of March 31	$	17,978		$	4,011		$	—

Present value of expected future policy benefits:
Beginning balance as of January 1	$	62,579		$	5,412		$	11,829
Beginning balance, at original discount rate	$	60,513		$	5,146		$	9,920
Effect of changes in cash flow assumptions		(15	)		—			—
Effect of actual variances from expected experience		(155	)		8			(35	)

Adjusted beginning balance		60,343			5,154			9,885
Issuances		—			—			8
Interest accretion		823			70			162
Benefit payments		(950	)		(204	)		(240	)
Derecognition (lapses and withdrawals)		—			—			—
Other		1			—			9

Ending balance, at original discount rate		60,217			5,020			9,824
Effect of changes in discount rate assumptions		100			167			1,537

Ending balance as of March 31	$	60,317		$	5,187		$	11,361

Net liability for future policy benefits, before flooring adjustments	$	42,339		$	1,176		$	11,361
Flooring adjustments (2)		—			472			—

Net liability for future policy benefits		42,339			1,648			11,361
Less: reinsurance recoverable		7,228			843			8,651

Net liability for future policy benefits, net of reinsurance recoverable	$	35,111		$	805		$	2,710

Weighted-average liability duration (years)		13.4			5.8			10.8

(1)	Represents the portion of gross premiums collected from policyholders that is used to fund expected benefit payments.

(2)

Flooring adjustments are necessary when a cohort’s present value of future net premiums exceeds the present value of future benefits. The flooring adjustment ensures that the liability for future policy benefits for each cohort is not less than zero. This adjustment is most prevalent in our term life insurance products due to their product design of a level premium period followed by annual premium rate increases.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)


	December 31, 2023
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Long-term care insurance			Life insurance			Fixed annuities
Present value of expected net premiums:
Beginning balance as of January 1	$	19,895		$	4,083		$	—
Beginning balance, at original discount rate	$	19,959		$	3,922		$	—
Effect of changes in cash flow assumptions		(276	)		180			—
Effect of actual variances from expected experience		(365	)		38			—

Adjusted beginning balance		19,318			4,140			—
Issuances		2			—			42
Interest accretion		994			217			—
Net premiums collected (1)		(1,968	)		(439	)		(42	)
Derecognition (lapses and withdrawals)		—			—			—
Other		—			—			—

Ending balance, at original discount rate		18,346			3,918			—
Effect of changes in discount rate assumptions		304			262			—

Ending balance as of December 31	$	18,650		$	4,180		$	—

Present value of expected future policy benefits:
Beginning balance as of January 1	$	61,352		$	5,556		$	11,923
Beginning balance, at original discount rate	$	61,148		$	5,374		$	10,300
Effect of changes in cash flow assumptions		(292	)		261			(33	)
Effect of actual variances from expected experience		(50	)		61			(30	)

Adjusted beginning balance		60,806			5,696			10,237
Issuances		2			—			35
Interest accretion		3,327			281			663
Benefit payments		(3,621	)		(823	)		(1,016	)
Derecognition (lapses and withdrawals)		—			—			—
Other		(1	)		(8	)		1

Ending balance, at original discount rate		60,513			5,146			9,920
Effect of changes in discount rate assumptions		2,066			266			1,909

Ending balance as of December 31	$	62,579		$	5,412		$	11,829

Net liability for future policy benefits, before flooring adjustments	$	43,929		$	1,232		$	11,829
Flooring adjustments (2)		—			466			—

Net liability for future policy benefits		43,929			1,698			11,829
Less: reinsurance recoverable		7,572			852			9,008

Net liability for future policy benefits, net of reinsurance recoverable	$	36,357		$	846		$	2,821

Weighted-average liability duration (years)		13.7			5.9			11.1

(1)	Represents the portion of gross premiums collected from policyholders that is used to fund expected benefit payments.

(2)

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Long-term care insurance

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the impact of updates to cash flow assumptions resulted in a decrease of $73 million in the liability for future policy benefits primarily due to favorable updates to implementation timing and approval amounts of in-force rate actions. This decrease in the liability for future policy benefits was mostly offset in our reinsurance recoverable as the cash flow assumption updates were primarily related to fully reinsured blocks of business. In addition, the impact of actual versus expected experience resulted in a decrease of $13 million in the liability for future policy benefits primarily due to favorable impacts from seasonally high mortality.

In the fourth quarter of 2023, we completed our annual review of cash flow assumptions including expected claim incidence and terminations, expenses, interest rates, benefit utilization trend and in-force rate actions, among other assumptions. The impact of changes in cash flow assumptions during the year ended December 31, 2023 resulted in a decrease of $16 million in the liability for future policy benefits primarily as a result of a favorable update to our disabled life mortality assumptions to reflect an expectation that mortality will continue at elevated levels in the near term post

the

coronavirus pandemic (“COVID-19”). This was partially offset by unfavorable updates to our healthy life assumptions to better reflect near-term experience for cost of care, mortality, incidence and lapse rates. We also evaluated our assumptions regarding expectations of future premium rate increase approvals and benefit reductions and did not make significant changes to our multi-year in-force rate action plan. However, we did increase our assumption for future approvals and benefit reductions given our current plans for rate increase filings and our historical experience regarding approvals and regulatory support, as well as benefit reductions and legal settlement results. The impact of actual versus expected experience during the year ended December 31, 2023 resulted in an increase of $315 million in the liability for future policy benefits primarily driven by higher claims and unfavorable timing impacts related to a legal settlement.

Life insurance

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the impact of actual versus expected experience resulted in an increase of $9 million in the liability for future policy benefits primarily due to unfavorable impacts from seasonally high mortality.

In the fourth quarter of 2023, we completed our annual review of cash flow assumptions and increased our liability for future policy benefits by $81 million primarily as a result of unfavorable updates to our mortality assumptions to better reflect emerging experience related to more modest mortality improvement and to include an expectation that mortality will continue at elevated levels in the near term post-COVID-19. The impact of actual versus expected experience during the year ended December 31, 2023 resulted in an increase of $23 million in the liability for future policy benefits primarily driven by unfavorable mortality experience.

Fixed annuities

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the impact of actual versus expected experience resulted in a decrease of $35 million in the liability for future policy benefits primarily due to favorable mortality.

The impact of changes in cash flow assumptions and actual versus expected experience during the year ended December 31, 2023 resulted in decreases of $33 million and $30 million, respectively, in the liability for future policy benefits primarily from favorable mortality.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table provides the weighted-average interest rates for the liability for future policy benefits as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Long-term care insurance
Interest accretion (locked-in) rate		5.7	%		5.8	%
Current discount rate		5.4	%		5.1	%
Life insurance
Interest accretion (locked-in) rate		5.8	%		5.8	%
Current discount rate		5.1	%		4.8	%
Fixed annuities
Interest accretion (locked-in) rate		6.7	%		6.7	%
Current discount rate		5.3	%		5.0	%

See Note 2—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies included in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information related to the discount rate used to measure the liability for future policy benefits.

The following table sets forth the amount of undiscounted and discounted expected future gross premiums and expected future benefit payments as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
(Amounts in millions)	Undiscounted		Discounted		Undiscounted		Discounted
Long-term care insurance
Expected future gross premiums	$	37,413	$	25,340	$	38,279	$	26,341
Expected future benefit payments	$	123,268	$	60,317	$	124,594	$	62,579
Life insurance
Expected future gross premiums	$	10,489	$	6,010	$	10,693	$	6,278
Expected future benefit payments	$	7,324	$	5,187	$	7,524	$	5,412
Fixed annuities
Expected future gross premiums	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Expected future benefit payments	$	23,638	$	11,361	$	23,903	$	11,829

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recorded a charge of $5 million to net income due to net

premiums exceeding gross premiums, resulting in net

premium

ratios capped at 100% for

certain cohorts

our life insurance products primarily due to higher claim severity.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table sets forth the amount of revenue and interest accretion (expense) recognized in net income related to our liability for future policy benefits for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
	Three months ended March 31,								Year ended
	2024				2023				December 31, 2023
(Amounts in millions)	Gross premiums		Interest accretion (1)		Gross premiums		Interest accretion (1)		Gross premiums		Interest accretion (1)
Long-term care insurance	$	630	$	589	$	675	$	578	$	2,713	$	2,333
Life insurance		169		15		179		17		688		64
Fixed annuities		—		162		—		168		—		663

Total	$	799	$	766	$	854	$	763	$	3,401	$	3,060

(1)	Amounts for interest accretion are included in benefits and other changes in policy reserves in the condensed consolidated statements of income.

(9) Policyholder Account Balances

The following table sets forth our liabilities for policyholder account balances as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Life insurance	$	7,438	$	7,460
Fixed annuities		4,278		4,479
Variable annuities		511		529
Fixed indexed annuity embedded derivatives (1)		163		165
Indexed universal life embedded derivatives (1)		15		15
Additional insurance liabilities (2)		2,904		2,887
Other		6		5

Total policyholder account balances	$	15,315	$	15,540

(1)	See note 5 for additional information.

(2)	Represents additional liabilities related to death or other insurance benefits that are recorded within policyholder account balances and are considered long-duration insurance contracts. See note 10 for additional information.

The contracts underlying the minimum guarantees, such as

GMWBs

and guaranteed annuitization benefits, are considered “in the money” if the present value of the contractholder’s benefits is greater than the account value, or commonly referred to as the net amount at risk. For GMWBs and guaranteed annuitization benefits, the only way the contractholder can monetize the excess of the benefits over the account value of the contract is through lifetime withdrawals or lifetime income payments after annuitization. For those guarantees of benefits that are payable in the event of death, the net amount at risk is generally defined as the current guaranteed minimum death benefit in excess of the current account balance at the balance sheet date.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following tables present the balances of and changes in policyholder account balances as of and for the periods indicated:


	March 31, 2024
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Life insurance			Fixed annuities			Variable annuities
Beginning balance as of January 1	$	7,460		$	4,479		$	529
Issuances		—			—			—
Premiums received		119			5			4
Policy charges		(151	)		(2	)		(2	)
Surrenders and withdrawals		(37	)		(164	)		(17	)
Benefit payments		(49	)		(88	)		(15	)
Net transfers to separate accounts		—			—			(1	)
Interest credited		98			37			1
Other		(2	)		11			12

Ending balance as of March 31	$	7,438		$	4,278		$	511

Weighted-average crediting rate		3.9	%		2.9	%		3.3	%
Net amount at risk (1)	$	42,493		$	25		$	407
Cash surrender value	$	4,347		$	3,337		$	511

(1)	The net amount at risk presented for fixed and variable annuity products contains both general and separate accounts, including amounts related to annuitization and other insurance benefits classified as MRBs.


	December 31, 2023
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Life insurance			Fixed annuities			Variable annuities
Beginning balance as of January 1	$	7,694		$	5,477		$	610
Issuances		—			—			—
Premiums received		500			20			14
Policy charges		(614	)		(6	)		(6	)
Surrenders and withdrawals		(272	)		(842	)		(66	)
Benefit payments		(215	)		(387	)		(80	)
Net transfers from separate accounts		—			—			1
Interest credited		388			160			4
Other		(21	)		57			52

Ending balance as of December 31	$	7,460		$	4,479		$	529

Weighted-average crediting rate		3.9	%		2.8	%		3.3	%
Net amount at risk (1)	$	42,754		$	33		$	479
Cash surrender value	$	4,336		$	3,519		$	529

(1)	The net amount at risk presented for fixed and variable annuity products contains both general and separate accounts, including amounts related to annuitization and other insurance benefits classified as MRBs.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following tables present policyholder account balances by range of guaranteed minimum crediting rate and the related range of the difference between rates being credited to policyholders and the respective guaranteed minimums as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2024
(Amounts in millions)	At guaranteed minimum		1–50 basis points above		51–150 basis points above		Greater than 150 basis points above		Total (1)
Less than 2.00%	$	115	$	69	$	52	$	—	$	236
2.00%–2.99%		977		107		—		—		1,084
3.00%–3.99%		1,813		679		1,143		41		3,676
4.00% and greater		2,430		17		14		—		2,461

Total	$	5,335	$	872	$	1,209	$	41	$	7,457

(1)	Excludes universal life insurance and investment contracts of approximately $4,770 million that have a market component to their crediting strategy.


	December 31, 2023
(Amounts in millions)	At guaranteed minimum		1–50 basis points above		51–150 basis points above		Greater than 150 basis points above		Total (1)
Less than 2.00%	$	121	$	97	$	39	$	—	$	257
2.00%–2.99%		1,201		81		—		—		1,282
3.00%–3.99%		1,732		699		1,155		31		3,617
4.00% and greater		2,479		16		10		—		2,505

Total	$	5,533	$	893	$	1,204	$	31	$	7,661

(1)	Excludes universal life insurance and investment contracts of approximately $4,807 million that have a market component to their crediting strategy.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(10) Additional Insurance Liabilities

The following table presents the balances of and changes in additional liabilities related to death or other insurance benefits that are included within policyholder account balances related to universal and term universal life insurance products as of and for the periods indicated:


(Dollar amounts in millions)	March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Beginning balance as of January 1	$	2,887		$	2,566
Beginning balance before shadow accounting adjustments	$	2,939		$	2,634
Effect of changes in cash flow assumptions		—			200
Effect of actual variances from expected experience		2			(3	)

Adjusted beginning balance		2,941			2,831
Issuances		—			—
Interest accretion		25			90
Assessments collected		63			240
Benefit payments		(59	)		(222	)
Derecognition (lapses and withdrawals)		—			—

Ending balance before shadow accounting adjustments		2,970			2,939
Effect of shadow accounting adjustments		(66	)		(52	)

Ending balance		2,904			2,887
Less: reinsurance recoverable		—			—

Additional insurance liabilities, net of reinsurance recoverable	$	2,904		$	2,887

Weighted-average liability duration (years)		18.7			18.9

In the fourth quarter of 2023, as part of our annual review of assumptions, we increased our additional insurance liabilities primarily to reflect unfavorable updates to our persistency and mortality assumptions to better reflect emerging experience. Our mortality assumption updates included more modest mortality improvement and reflected an expectation that mortality will continue at elevated levels in the near term post-COVID-19.

The following table provides the weighted-average interest rates for our additional insurance liabilities as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Interest accretion rate (1)		3.4	%		3.2	%
Projected crediting rate (2)		3.8	%		3.8	%

(1)	The interest accretion rate is determined by using the weighted-average policyholder crediting rates for the underlying policies over the period in-force, and based on the adjusted beginning balance, is used to measure the amount of interest accretion.

(2)

The projected crediting rate is determined by using a future crediting rate curve that utilizes a portfolio approach reflecting anticipated reinvestment activity and runoff of existing assets over the projection period. The projected crediting rate is used to discount future assessments and excess benefits.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table sets forth the amount of revenue and interest accretion (expense) recognized in net income related to additional insurance liabilities for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended				Year ended December 31,
	March 31,				Year ended December 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2024		2023		2023


Gross assessments	$	133	$	136	$	539
Interest accretion (1)	$	25	$	22	$	90

(1)	Amounts for interest accretion are included in benefits and other changes in policy reserves in the condensed consolidated statements of income.

(11) Market Risk Benefits

The following table sets forth our market risk benefits by asset and liability position as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2024						December 31, 2023
(Amounts in millions)	Asset		Liability		Net liability		Asset		Liability		Net liability
Fixed indexed annuities	$	—	$	47	$	47	$	—	$	55	$	55
Variable annuities		52		481		429		43		570		527

Total market risk benefits	$	52	$	528	$	476	$	43	$	625	$	582

The following tables present the balances of and changes in market risk benefits as of and for the periods indicated:


	March 31, 2024
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Fixed indexed annuities			Variable annuities			Reinsurance recoverable (1)
Beginning balance as of January 1	$	55		$	527		$	140
Beginning balance before effect of changes in instrument-specific credit risk	$	52		$	520		$	140
Issuances		—			—			—
Interest accretion		1			8			2
Attributed fees collected		1			9			2
Benefit payments		—			(8	)		(4	)
Effect of changes in interest rates		(7	)		(50	)		(9	)
Effect of changes in equity markets		(1	)		(58	)		(10	)
Actual policyholder behavior different from expected behavior		(1	)		2			2
Effect of changes in future expected policyholder behavior		—			—			—
Effect of changes in other future expected assumptions		—			—			—
Other		—			—			—

Ending balance before effect of changes in instrument-specific credit risk		45			423			123
Effect of changes in instrument-specific credit risk		2			6			—

Ending balance as of March 31		47			429		$	123

Less: reinsurance recoverable		—			123

Market risk benefits, net of reinsurance recoverable	$	47		$	306

Weighted-average attained age of contractholders		73			76
Net amount at risk (2)

(1)	Represents the net reinsured asset related to our variable annuity MRBs.

(2)	See note 9 for additional information on the net amount at risk.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)


	December 31, 2023
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Fixed indexed annuities			Variable annuities			Reinsurance recoverable (1)

Beginning balance as of January 1	$	52		$	670		$	158
Beginning balance before effect of changes in instrument-specific credit risk	$	50		$	660		$	158
Issuances		—			—			—
Interest accretion		3			34			9
Attributed fees collected		5			37			8
Benefit payments		—			(35	)		(15	)
Effect of changes in interest rates		(2	)		(33	)		(5	)
Effect of changes in equity markets		(2	)		(157	)		(31	)
Actual policyholder behavior different from expected behavior		(2	)		8			5
Effect of changes in future expected policyholder behavior		—			11			11
Effect of changes in other future expected assumptions		—			—			—
Other		—			(5	)		—

Ending balance before effect of changes in instrument-specific credit risk		52			520			140
Effect of changes in instrument-specific credit risk		3			7			—

Ending balance as of December 31		55			527		$	140

Less: reinsurance recoverable		—			140

Market risk benefits, net of reinsurance recoverable	$	55		$	387

Weighted-average attained age of contractholders		73			76
Net amount at risk (2)

(1)	Represents the net reinsured asset related to our variable annuity MRBs.

(2)	See note 9 for additional information on the net amount at risk.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(12) Separate Accounts

The following table presents the balances of and changes in separate account liabilities, which are primarily comprised of variable annuity products, as of and for the periods indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Beginning balance as of January 1	$	4,509		$	4,417
Premiums and deposits		7			35
Policy charges		(26	)		(104	)
Surrenders and withdrawals		(103	)		(361	)
Benefit payments		(58	)		(190	)
Investment performance		316			716
Net transfers from (to) general account		1			(1	)
Other charges		(1	)		(3	)

Ending balance	$	4,645		$	4,509

Cash surrender value (1)	$	4,642		$	4,506

(1)	Cash surrender value represents the amount of the contractholders’ account balances that was distributable less certain surrender charges.

Separate Account Assets

The following table presents the aggregate fair value of assets, by major investment asset category, supporting separate accounts as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023

Equity funds	$	2,138	$	2,018
Balanced funds		1,950		1,927
Bond funds		316		320
Money market funds		241		244

Total	$	4,645	$	4,509

(13) Liability for Policy and Contract Claims

The following table presents the balances of our liability for policy and contract claims as of the dates indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023

Enact segment	$	532	$	518
Life and Annuities segment (1)		134		126
Other mortgage insurance business		7		8

Total liability for policy and contract claims	$	673	$	652

(1)	Primarily includes balances related to our universal and term universal life insurance products.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table sets forth changes in our liability for policy and contract claims as of and for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2024			2023
Beginning balance as of January 1	$	652		$	683
Less reinsurance recoverable		(16	)		(23	)

Net beginning balance		636			660

Incurred related to insured events of:
Current year		224			215
Prior years		(27	)		(47	)

Total incurred		197			168

Paid related to insured events of:
Current year		(115	)		(117	)
Prior years		(61	)		(74	)

Total paid		(176	)		(191	)

Foreign currency translation		—			1

Net ending balance		657			638
Add reinsurance recoverable		16			27

Ending balance as of March 31	$	673		$	665

The liability for policy and contract claims represents our current best estimate; however, there may be future adjustments to this estimate and related assumptions. Such adjustments, reflecting any variety of new and adverse trends, could be significant and result in increases in reserves by an amount that could be material to our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity. In addition, loss reserves recorded on new delinquencies in our Enact segment have a high degree of estimation due to the uncertain macroeconomic environment and the level of uncertainty regarding whether delinquencies will ultimately cure or result in a claim payment, as well as the timing and severity of those payments. Given the extended period of time that may exist between the reporting of a delinquency and the claim payment, and changes in economic conditions and the real estate market, significant uncertainty and variability exist on amounts actually paid.

The favorable development related to insured events of prior years for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was predominantly associated with a $54 million reserve release in our Enact segment primarily related to delinquencies from early 2023 and prior as recent uncertainty in the economic environment has not negatively impacted cure performance to the extent initially expected. The favorable development related to insured events of prior years for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was largely attributable to a $70 million reserve release in our Enact segment primarily related to better than expected cure performance on COVID-19 delinquencies from 2020 and 2021.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(14) Income Taxes

The reconciliation of the federal statutory tax rate to the effective income tax rate was as follows for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2024			2023
Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
Increase in rate resulting from:
Tax on income from terminated swaps		6.2			3.8
Non-deductible expenses		1.5			1.0
Other, net		(0.7	)		0.5

Effective rate		28.0	%		26.3	%

The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was above the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate of 21% largely due to tax expense on certain forward starting swap gains that are tax effected at the previously enacted federal income tax rate of 35% as they are amortized into net investment income. The increase in the effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023 was primarily attributable to higher tax expense on certain forward starting swap gains in relation to pre-tax income in the current year.

U.S. GAAP generally requires an annualized effective tax rate to be used for interim reporting periods, utilizing projections of full year results. However, in certain circumstances it is appropriate to record the actual effective tax rate for the period if a reliable full year estimate cannot be made. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, we utilized the actual effective tax rate for the interim period to record the provision for income taxes for our Long-Term Care Insurance and Life and Annuities segments and the annualized projected effective tax rate for our Enact segment and Corporate and Other.

(15) Segment Information

We have the following three operating segments: Enact; Long-Term Care Insurance; and Life and Annuities. The products in the Life and Annuities segment include life insurance and fixed and variable annuities, none of which are actively marketed or sold. In addition to our three operating segments, we also have Corporate and Other, which includes debt financing expenses that are incurred at the Genworth Holdings level, unallocated corporate income and expenses, eliminations of inter-segment transactions and the results of other businesses that are reported outside of our operating segments, such as certain international businesses and

start-up

results of our CareScout business related to our senior care growth initiatives.

We tax our businesses at the U.S. corporate federal income tax rate of 21%. Each segment is then adjusted to reflect the unique tax attributes of that segment, such as permanent differences between U.S. GAAP and tax law. The difference between the consolidated provision for income taxes and the sum of the provision for income taxes in each segment is reflected in Corporate and Other.

The annually-determined tax rates and adjustments to each segment’s provision for income taxes are estimates which are subject to review and could change from year to year. See note 14 for a discussion of the effective tax rates used for our segments and Corporate and Other.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

We use the same accounting policies and procedures to measure segment income (loss) and assets as our consolidated net income and assets. Management evaluates performance and allocates resources on the basis of “adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders.” We define adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders as income (loss) from continuing operations excluding the after-tax effects of income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net investment gains (losses), changes in fair value of market risk benefits and associated hedges, gains (losses) on the sale of businesses, gains (losses) on the early extinguishment of debt, restructuring costs and infrequent or unusual non-operating items. A component of our net investment gains (losses) is the result of estimated future credit losses, the size and timing of which can vary significantly depending on market credit cycles. In addition, the size and timing of other investment gains (losses) can be subject to our discretion and are influenced by market opportunities, as well as asset-liability matching considerations. We exclude net investment gains (losses), changes in fair value of market risk benefits and associated hedges, gains (losses) on the sale of businesses, gains (losses) on the early extinguishment of debt, restructuring costs and infrequent or unusual

non-operating

items from adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders because, in our opinion, they are not indicative of overall operating performance.

While some of these items may be significant components of net income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP, we believe that adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders, and measures that are derived from or incorporate adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders, are appropriate measures that are useful to investors because they identify the income (loss) attributable to the ongoing operations of the business. Management also uses adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders, among other key performance indicators, as a basis for determining awards and compensation for senior management and to evaluate performance on a basis comparable to that used by analysts. However, the items excluded from adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders have occurred in the past and could, and in some cases will, recur in the future. Adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders is not a substitute for net income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In addition, our definition of adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders may differ from the definitions used by other companies.

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders to adjusted operating income (loss) assume a 21% tax rate and are net of the portion attributable to noncontrolling interests. Changes in fair value of market risk benefits and associated hedges are adjusted to exclude changes in reserves, attributed fees and benefit payments.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following is a summary of revenues for our segments and Corporate and Other for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2024		2023
Revenues:
Enact segment	$	292	$	281
Long-Term Care Insurance segment		1,105		1,098
Life and Annuities segment:
Life insurance		354		358
Fixed annuities		73		85
Variable annuities		34		36

Life and Annuities segment		461		479

Corporate and Other		6		(4	)

Total revenues	$	1,864	$	1,854

The following tables present the reconciliation of net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders to adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders and a summary of adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders for our segments and Corporate and Other for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2024			2023
Net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	139		$	122
Add: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		30			32

Net income		169			154
Less: loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes		(1	)		—

Income from continuing operations		170			154
Less: net income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		30			32

Income from continuing operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders		140			122
Adjustments to income from continuing operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders:
Net investment (gains) losses, net (1)		(50	)		11
Changes in fair value of market risk benefits attributable to interest rates, equity markets and associated hedges (2)		(26	)		14
(Gains) losses on early extinguishment of debt		(1	)		(1	)
Expenses related to restructuring		7			3
Taxes on adjustments		15			(5	)

Adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	85		$	144

(1)	For the three months ended March 31, 2024, net investment (gains) losses were adjusted for the portion attributable to noncontrolling interests of $1 million.

(2)	Changes in fair value of market risk benefits and associated hedges were adjusted to exclude changes in reserves, attributed fees and benefit payments of $(3) million for both the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)


	Three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2024			2023
Adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders:
Enact segment	$	135		$	143
Long-Term Care Insurance segment		3			23
Life and Annuities segment:
Life insurance		(33	)		(27	)
Fixed annuities		11			14
Variable annuities		7			9

Life and Annuities segment		(15	)		(4	)

Corporate and Other		(38	)		(18	)

Adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	85		$	144

There were no infrequent or unusual items excluded from adjusted operating income during the periods presented.

The following is a summary of total assets for our segments and Corporate and Other as of the dates indicated:


	March 31,		December 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2024		2023
Assets:
Enact segment	$	6,303	$	6,193
Long-Term Care Insurance segment		45,447		46,195
Life and Annuities segment		35,766		36,517
Corporate and Other		1,676		1,912

Total assets	$	89,192	$	90,817

(16) Commitments and Contingencies

(a) Litigation and Regulatory Matters

We face the risk of litigation and regulatory investigations and actions in the ordinary course of operating our businesses, including the risk of class action lawsuits. Our pending legal and regulatory actions include proceedings specific to us and others generally applicable to business practices in the industries in which we operate. In our insurance operations, we are, have been, or may become subject to class actions and individual suits alleging, among other things, issues relating to sales or underwriting practices, increases to in-force long-term care insurance premiums, payment of contingent or other sales commissions, claims payments and procedures, product design, product disclosure, product administration, additional premium charges for premiums paid on a periodic basis, denial or delay of benefits, charging excessive or impermissible fees on products, recommending unsuitable products to customers, our pricing structures and business practices in our mortgage insurance subsidiaries, such as captive reinsurance arrangements with lenders and contract underwriting services, violations of the Real Estate Settlement and Procedures Act of 1974 or related state

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GENWORTH FINANCIAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

anti-inducement

laws, and mortgage insurance policy rescissions and curtailments, and breaching fiduciary or other duties to customers, including but not limited to cybersecurity breaches of customer information. Plaintiffs in class action and other lawsuits against us have sought and/or may seek very large or indeterminate amounts which may remain unknown for substantial periods of time. In our investment-related operations, we are subject to litigation involving commercial disputes with counterparties. We are also subject to litigation arising out of our general business activities such as our contractual and employment relationships, including claims under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, post-closing obligations associated with previous dispositions and securities lawsuits. In addition, we are also subject to various regulatory inquiries, such as information requests, subpoenas, books and record examinations and market conduct and financial examinations from state, federal and international regulators and other authorities. A substantial legal liability or a significant regulatory action against us could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, even if we ultimately prevail in the litigation, regulatory action or investigation, we could suffer significant reputational harm, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

In September 2018, Genworth Life and Annuity Insurance Company (“GLAIC”), our indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, was named as a defendant in a putative class action lawsuit pending in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia captioned

TVPX ARX INC., as Securities Intermediary for Consolidated Wealth Management, LTD. on behalf of itself and all others similarly situated v. Genworth Life and Annuity Insurance Company

. Plaintiff alleges unlawful and excessive cost of insurance charges were imposed on policyholders. The complaint asserts claims for breach of contract, alleging that Genworth improperly considered non-mortality factors when calculating cost of insurance rates and failed to decrease cost of insurance charges in light of improved expectations of future mortality, and seeks unspecified compensatory damages, costs, and equitable relief. On October 29, 2018, we filed a motion to enjoin the case in the Middle District of Georgia, and a motion to dismiss and motion to stay in the Eastern District of Virginia. We moved to enjoin the prosecution of the Eastern District of Virginia action on the basis that it involves claims released in a prior nationwide class action settlement (the “McBride settlement”) that was approved by the Middle District of Georgia. Plaintiff filed an amended complaint on November 13, 2018. On December 6, 2018, we moved the Middle District of Georgia for leave to file our counterclaim, which alleges that plaintiff breached the covenant not to sue contained in the prior settlement agreement by filing its current action. On March 15, 2019, the Middle District of Georgia granted our motion to enjoin and denied our motion for leave to file our counterclaim. As such, plaintiff is enjoined from pursuing its class action in the Eastern District of Virginia. On March 29, 2019, plaintiff filed a notice of appeal in the Middle District of Georgia, notifying the Court of its appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit from the order granting our motion to enjoin. On March 29, 2019, we filed our notice of cross-appeal in the Middle District of Georgia, notifying the Court of our cross-appeal to the Eleventh Circuit from the portion of the order denying our motion for leave to file our counterclaim. On April 8, 2019, the Eastern District of Virginia dismissed the case without prejudice, with leave for plaintiff to refile an amended complaint only if a final appellate Court decision vacates the injunction and reverses the Middle District of Georgia’s opinion. On May 21, 2019, plaintiff filed its appeal and memorandum in support in the Eleventh Circuit. We filed our response to plaintiff’s appeal memorandum on July 3, 2019. The Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals heard oral argument on plaintiff’s appeal and our cross-appeal on April 21, 2020. On May 26, 2020, the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals vacated the Middle District of Georgia’s order enjoining plaintiff’s class action and remanded the case back to the Middle District of Georgia for further factual development as to whether Genworth has altered how it calculates or charges cost of insurance since the McBride settlement. The Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals did not reach a decision on Genworth’s counterclaim. On June 30, 2021, we filed in the Middle District of Georgia our renewed motion to enforce the class action settlement and release and renewed our motion for leave to file a counterclaim. The briefing on both motions concluded in October 2021.

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On March 24, 2022, the Court denied our motions. On April 11, 2022, we filed an appeal of the Court’s denial to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit. On June 22, 2022, we filed our opening brief in support of the appeal. Plaintiff filed its respondent’s brief on September 20, 2022, and we filed our reply brief on November 10, 2022. The appeal was orally argued on August 17, 2023, and we are awaiting a decision from the Eleventh Circuit. We intend to continue to vigorously defend this action.

In September 2018, Genworth Financial, Genworth Holdings, Genworth North America Corporation, Genworth Financial International Holdings, LLC (“GFIH”) and Genworth Life Insurance Company (“GLIC”) were named as defendants in a putative class action lawsuit pending in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware captioned

Richard F. Burkhart, William E. Kelly, Richard S. Lavery, Thomas R. Pratt, Gerald Green, individually and on behalf of all other persons similarly situated v. Genworth et al

. Plaintiffs allege that GLIC paid dividends to its parent and engaged in certain reinsurance transactions causing it to maintain inadequate capital capable of meeting its obligations to GLIC policyholders and agents. The complaint alleges causes of action for intentional fraudulent transfer and constructive fraudulent transfer and seeks injunctive relief. We moved to dismiss this action in December 2018. On January 29, 2019, plaintiffs exercised their right to amend their complaint. On March 12, 2019, we moved to dismiss plaintiffs’ amended complaint. On April 26, 2019, plaintiffs filed a memorandum in opposition to our motion to dismiss, which we replied to on June 14, 2019. On August 7, 2019, plaintiffs filed a motion seeking to prevent proceeds that GFIH expected to receive from the then planned sale of its shares in Genworth MI Canada Inc. (“Genworth Canada”) from being transferred out of GFIH. On September 11, 2019, plaintiffs filed a renewed motion seeking the same relief as their August 7, 2019 motion with an exception that allowed GFIH to transfer $450 million of expected proceeds from the sale of Genworth Canada through a dividend to Genworth Holdings to allow the pay-off of a senior secured term loan facility dated March 7, 2018 among Genworth Holdings as the borrower, GFIH as the limited guarantor and the lending parties thereto. Oral arguments on our motion to dismiss and plaintiffs’ motion occurred on October 21, 2019, and plaintiffs’ motion was denied. On January 31, 2020, the Court granted in part our motion to dismiss, dismissing claims relating to $395 million in dividends GLIC paid to its parent from 2012 to 2014 (out of the $410 million in total dividends subject to plaintiffs’ claims). The Court denied the balance of the motion to dismiss leaving a claim relating to $15 million in dividends and unquantified claims relating to the 2016 termination of a reinsurance transaction. On March 27, 2020, we filed our answer to plaintiffs’ amended complaint. On May 26, 2021, the plaintiffs filed a second amended and supplemental class action complaint adding additional factual allegations and three new causes of action. On July 26, 2021, we moved to dismiss the three new causes of action and answered the balance of the second amended and supplemental class action complaint. Plaintiffs filed an opposition to our motion to dismiss on September 30, 2021. The Court heard oral arguments on the motion on December 7, 2021 and ordered each party to file supplemental submissions, which were filed on January 28, 2022. On May 10, 2022, the Court granted our motion to dismiss the three new causes of action. On January 27, 2022, plaintiffs filed a motion for a preliminary injunction seeking to enjoin GFIH from transferring any assets to any affiliate, including paying any dividends to Genworth Holdings and to enjoin Genworth Holdings and Genworth Financial from transferring or distributing any value to Genworth Financial’s shareholders. On June 2, 2022, plaintiffs withdrew their motion for a preliminary injunction. On January 12, 2024, plaintiffs moved for class certification. We filed our opposition papers on February 23, 2024 and intend to continue to vigorously defend this action.

On August 1, 2022, a putative class action was filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia by two former Genworth employees against Genworth Financial, its Board of Directors and the Fiduciary and Investments Committee of Genworth Financial’s Retirement and Savings Plan (“Savings Plan”). Plaintiffs purport to act on behalf of the Savings Plan and all similarly simulated participants and beneficiaries of the Savings Plan. The complaint asserts that the defendants breached their fiduciary duties under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 by imprudently offering and inadequately monitoring a

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suite of BlackRock Target Date Funds as a retirement investment option for Genworth employees. Plaintiffs seek declaratory and injunctive relief, monetary damages and attorney’s fees. By stipulation entered September 6, 2022, the complaint was dismissed, without prejudice, against the Board of Directors and the Fiduciary and Investments Committee of Genworth Financial’s Savings Plan. On October 17, 2022, we moved to dismiss the complaint against the sole remaining defendant, Genworth Financial. Plaintiffs filed opposition papers on November 10, 2022, and we filed our reply papers on November 16, 2022. By order dated January 20, 2023, the Court granted plaintiffs’ motion to serve an amended complaint, rendering our initial motion to dismiss moot. On January 20, 2023, plaintiffs filed an amended complaint, and on February 2, 2023, we filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint. On March 16, 2023, the Court directed plaintiffs to file a second amended complaint and denied our motion to dismiss the amended complaint. Plaintiffs filed the second amended complaint on April 17, 2023. On May 15, 2023, we answered and moved to dismiss the second amended complaint. On September 13, 2023, the Court granted in part and denied in part our motion to dismiss the second amended complaint. Plaintiffs moved for class certification on October 16, 2023, and we filed opposition papers on December 4, 2023. Oral argument on plaintiffs’ class certification motion was heard on February 12, 2024, and we are awaiting the Court’s ruling. On February 20, 2024, we moved for summary judgment dismissing the claims, and plaintiffs filed opposition papers on March 5, 2024. Oral argument was conducted on our summary judgment motion on March 25, 2024. We intend to continue to vigorously defend this action.

On December 16, 2022, Blue Cross Blue Shield of Nebraska (“BCBSNE”) served an arbitration demand on GLIC in relation to BCBSNE’s stated intent to recapture a block of long-term care insurance policies for which the risk was partly ceded to GLIC. In its arbitration demand, BCBSNE alleges that GLIC breached the governing reinsurance agreement by refusing to agree to transfer assets equal to the fair value of the liabilities being recaptured. BCBSNE asserts it has satisfied all its obligations under the reinsurance agreement and is seeking to recapture the ceded block of reinsurance. BCBSNE seeks damages equal to the fair value of the recaptured liabilities, plus interest and other damages, including attorneys’ fees and costs. The arbitration panel has been appointed and an organizational meeting was held on August 30, 2023. The trial is scheduled for September and October of 2024. We intend to vigorously defend this arbitration proceeding.

Starting in June 2023, various Genworth entities (including Genworth Financial, GLIC and GLAIC) have been named as defendants in certain of ten putative class action lawsuits in the United States District Courts for the Eastern District of Virginia and the District of Massachusetts. These cases are captioned as follows:

King v. Genworth Financial, Inc

Anastasio v. Genworth Financial, Inc. et al

;

Hauser v. Genworth Life Insurance Company

;

Smith v. Genworth Financial, Inc.

;

Behrens v. Genworth Life Insurance Company

;

Hale et al v. Genworth Financial, Inc.

;

Burkett, Jr. v. Genworth Life and Annuity Insurance Company

;

Manar v. Genworth Financial, Inc.

;

Kennedy v. Genworth Financial, Inc.

; and

Bailey v. Genworth Financial, Inc

. The actions relate to the data security events involving the MOVEit file transfer system (“MOVEit Cybersecurity Incident”), which PBI Research Services (“PBI”), a third-party vendor, uses in the performance of its services. Our life insurance subsidiaries use PBI to, among other things, satisfy applicable regulatory obligations to search various databases to identify the deaths of insured persons under life insurance policies, and to identify the deaths of long-term care insurance and annuity policies which can impact premium payment obligations and benefit eligibility. Plaintiffs seek to represent various classes and subclasses of Genworth long-term care insurance policyholders and agents whose data was accessed or potentially accessed by the MOVEit Cybersecurity Incident, alleging that Genworth breached its purported duty to safeguard their sensitive data from cybercriminals. The complaints assert claims for, inter alia, negligence, negligence per se, breach of contract, unjust enrichment, and violations of various consumer protection and privacy statutes, and they seek, inter alia, declaratory and injunctive relief, compensatory and punitive damages, restitution, attorneys’ fees and costs. On October 4, 2023, the Joint Panel on Multidistrict Litigation issued an order consolidating all actions relating to the MOVEit Cybersecurity Incident

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before a single federal judge in the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. We intend to vigorously defend these actions.

On October 20, 2023, GLIC was named as the defendant in a putative class action lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia captioned

Martin Silverstein, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated v. Genworth Life Insurance Company

. The complaint alleges that GLIC subjected universal life insurance policyholders to impermissible increases in cost of insurance charges, thereby breaching the underlying contracts. The complaint seeks, among other things, monetary damages and reinstatement of any lapsed policies. The parties are engaged in active mediation sessions and if unsuccessful, we intend to vigorously defend this action.

In March 2024, GLAIC was served with a putative class action lawsuit venued in the Superior Court of the State of California, Sacramento County, captioned

James Fox, individually and on behalf of the class v. Genworth Life and Annuity Insurance Co

. Plaintiff, the holder of a lapsed California GLAIC life insurance policy, seeks to represent a class of current and former California GLAIC policyholders and beneficiaries whose policies were allegedly wrongfully terminated. The complaint alleges that GLAIC wrongfully terminated hundreds of California life insurance policies by failing to provide the policyholders with the notices and grace periods mandated by the contract and by the California Insurance Code as interpreted by the California Supreme Court in

McHugh v. Protective Life Ins. Co

. The complaint asserts causes of action for breach of contract, violation of the California Insurance Code, unfair competition and bad faith, and it seeks, inter alia, declaratory and injunctive relief, compensatory damages, restitution, attorneys’ fees and costs. The action was removed to the United States District Court for the Eastern District of California on April 3, 2024. We intend to vigorously defend this action.

At this time, we cannot determine or predict the ultimate outcome of any of the pending legal and regulatory matters specifically identified above or the likelihood of potential future legal and regulatory matters against us. In addition, we are not able to provide an estimate or range of reasonably possible losses related to these matters. Therefore, we cannot ensure that the current investigations and proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, it is possible that related investigations and proceedings may be commenced in the future, and we could become subject to additional unrelated investigations and lawsuits. Increased regulatory scrutiny and any resulting investigations or proceedings could result in new legal precedents and industry-wide regulations or practices that could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

(b) Commitments

See note 6 for amounts we were committed to fund related to our investments as of March 31, 2024.

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(17) Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following tables show the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes, by component as of and for the periods indicated:


(Amounts in millions)	Net unrealized investment gains (losses)			Derivatives qualifying as hedges (1)			Change in the discount rate used to measure future policy benefits			Change in instrument- specific credit risk of market risk benefits			Foreign currency translation and other adjustments		Total


Balances as of January 1, 2024	$	(2,130	)	$	1,010		$	(1,439	)	$	(8	)	$	12	$	(2,555	)
OCI before reclassifications		(503	)		(125	)		1,105			2			—		479
Amounts reclassified from OCI		17			(36	)		—			—			—		(19	)

Current period OCI		(486	)		(161	)		1,105			2			—		460
Balances as of March 31, 2024 before noncontrolling interests		(2,616	)		849			(334	)		(6	)		12		(2,095	)

Less: change in OCI attributable to noncontrolling interests		(1	)		—			—			—			—		(1	)

Balances as of March 31, 2024	$	(2,615	)	$	849		$	(334	)	$	(6	)	$	12	$	(2,094	)

(1)	See note 5 for additional information.


(Amounts in millions)	Net unrealized investment gains (losses)			Derivatives qualifying as hedges (1)			Change in the discount rate used to measure future policy benefits			Change in instrument- specific credit risk of market risk benefits			Foreign currency translation and other adjustments		Total

Balances as of January 1, 2023	$	(3,407	)	$	1,200		$	(403	)	$	(10	)	$	6	$	(2,614	)
OCI before reclassifications		906			114			(1,225	)		1			4		(200	)
Amounts reclassified from OCI		13			(40	)		—			—			—		(27	)

Current period OCI		919			74			(1,225	)		1			4		(227	)
Balances as of March 31, 2023 before noncontrolling interests		(2,488	)		1,274			(1,628	)		(9	)		10		(2,841	)

Less: change in OCI attributable to noncontrolling interests		12			—			—			—			—		12

Balances as of March 31, 2023	$	(2,500	)	$	1,274		$	(1,628	)	$	(9	)	$	10	$	(2,853	)

(1)	See note 5 for additional information.

As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the balances of the change in the discount rate used to measure future policy benefits were net of taxes of $91 million and $442 million, respectively, and the balances of the change in instrument-specific credit risk of MRBs were net of taxes of $2 million and $3 million, respectively. The foreign currency translation and other adjustments balances in the charts above included $30 million and $34 million, respectively, net of taxes of $(8) million and $(9) million, respectively, related to a net unrecognized postretirement benefit obligation as of March 31, 2024 and 2023. The balance also included taxes of $1 million related to foreign currency translation adjustments as of March 31, 2024 and 2023.

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The following table shows reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes, for the periods presented:


	Three months ended March 31,						Affected line item in the condensed consolidated statements of income
(Amounts in millions)	2024			2023
Net unrealized investment (gains) losses:

Unrealized (gains) losses on investments	$	22		$	16		Net investment (gains) losses
Income taxes		(5	)		(3	)	Provision for income taxes

Total	$	17		$	13

Derivatives qualifying as hedges:
Interest rate swaps hedging assets	$	(53	)	$	(54	)	Net investment income
Interest rate swaps hedging assets		(4	)		(5	)	Net investment (gains) losses
Interest rate swaps hedging liabilities		1			1		Interest expense
Interest rate swaps hedging liabilities		—			(1	)	Net investment (gains) losses
Foreign currency swaps		—			(2	)	Net investment (gains) losses
Income taxes		20			21		Provision for income taxes

Total	$	(36	)	$	(40	)

Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included herein and with our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Unless the context otherwise requires, references to “Genworth,” the “Company,” “we” or “our” herein are to Genworth Financial, Inc. on a consolidated basis. References to “Genworth Financial” refer solely to Genworth Financial, Inc., and not to any of its consolidated subsidiaries.

Cautionary note regarding forward-looking statements

This report contains certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements may be identified by words such as “expects,” “intends,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “will” or words of similar meaning and include, but are not limited to, statements regarding the outlook for our future business and financial performance. Examples of forward-looking statements include statements we make relating to potential dividends or share repurchases; future return of capital by Enact Holdings, Inc. (“Enact Holdings”), including share repurchases, and quarterly and special dividends; refinancing Enact Holdings’ debt maturities through debt offerings or other capital transactions; the cumulative economic benefit of approved and future rate actions contemplated in our long-term care insurance multi-year in-force rate action plan; future financial performance, including the expectation that adverse quarterly variances between actual and expected experience could persist resulting in future remeasurement losses in our long-term care insurance business; future financial condition of our businesses; liquidity and new lines of business or new products and services, such as those we are pursuing with our CareScout business (“CareScout”); as well as statements we make regarding the potential occurrence of a recession.

Forward-looking statements are based on management’s current expectations and assumptions, which are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict. Actual outcomes and results may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements due to global political, economic, inflation, business, competitive, market, regulatory and other factors and risks, including but not limited to, the following:

•

the inability to successfully launch new lines of business, including long-term care insurance and other products and services we are pursuing with CareScout;

•

our failure to maintain self-sustainability of our legacy life insurance subsidiaries, including as a result of the inability to achieve desired levels of in-force rate actions and/or the timing of future premium rate increases and associated benefit reductions taking longer to achieve than originally assumed; other regulatory actions negatively impacting our life insurance businesses;

•

inaccuracies or changes in estimates, assumptions, methodologies, valuations, projections and/or models, which result in inadequate reserves or other adverse results (including as a result of any changes in connection with quarterly, annual or other reviews);

•

the impact on holding company liquidity caused by an inability to receive dividends or any other returns of capital from Enact Holdings, and limited sources of capital and financing and the need to seek additional capital on unfavorable terms;

•

adverse changes to the structure or requirements of Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”) or the U.S. mortgage insurance market; an increase in the number of loans insured through federal government mortgage insurance programs, including those offered by the Federal Housing Administration (“FHA”); the inability of Enact Holdings and/or its U.S. mortgage insurance subsidiaries to continue to meet the requirements mandated by the private mortgage insurer eligibility requirements (“PMIERs”) (or any adverse changes thereto), inability to meet minimum statutory capital requirements of applicable regulators or the mortgage insurer eligibility requirements of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac;

•

changes in economic, market and political conditions including as a result of elevated inflation, labor shortages and elevated interest rates, which could heighten the risk of a future recession; unanticipated financial events, which could lead to market-wide liquidity problems and other significant market disruption resulting in losses, defaults or credit rating downgrades of other financial institutions; deterioration in economic conditions, a recession or a decline in home prices, all of which could be driven by many potential factors; political and economic instability or changes in government policies, and fluctuations in international securities markets;

•

downgrades in financial strength and credit ratings and potential adverse impacts to liquidity; counterparty credit risks; defaults by counterparties to reinsurance arrangements or derivative instruments; defaults or other events impacting the value of invested assets;

•

changes in tax rates or tax laws, or changes in accounting and reporting standards;

•

litigation and regulatory investigations or other actions, including commercial and contractual disputes with counterparties;

•

the inability to retain, attract and motivate qualified employees or senior management;

•

the loss of significant key customers and distribution relationships by Enact Holdings;

•

the impact from deficiencies in our disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting;

•

the occurrence of natural or man-made disasters, including geopolitical tensions and war (including the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the Israel-Hamas conflict), a public health emergency, including pandemics, or climate change;

•

the inability to effectively manage information technology systems (including artificial intelligence), cyber incidents or other failures, disruptions or security breaches of us or our third-party vendors, as well as unknown risks and uncertainties associated with artificial intelligence;

•

the inability of third-party vendors to meet their obligations to us;

•

the lack of availability, affordability or adequacy of reinsurance to protect us against losses;

•

a decrease in the volume of high loan-to-value home mortgage originations or an increase in the volume of mortgage insurance cancellations;

•

unanticipated claims against Enact Holdings’ delegated underwriting program;

•

the impact of medical advances such as genetic research and diagnostic imaging, emerging new technology, including artificial intelligence and related legislation; and

•

other factors described in the risk factors contained in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on February 29, 2024.

We provide additional information regarding these risks and uncertainties in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. Unlisted factors may present significant additional obstacles to the realization of forward-looking statements. Accordingly, for the foregoing reasons, we caution you against relying on any forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws.

Overview

Genworth Financial, through its principal insurance subsidiaries, offers mortgage and long-term care insurance products. Genworth Financial is the parent company of Enact Holdings, a leading provider of private mortgage insurance in the United States through its mortgage insurance subsidiaries. Genworth Financial’s principal U.S. life insurance subsidiaries offer long-term care insurance and also manage in-force blocks of life insurance and annuity products. Genworth Financial also has a start-up business whereby it offers fee-based services, advice, consulting and other products and services through CareScout.

We report our business results through three operating segments: Enact; Long-Term Care Insurance; and Life and Annuities. The products in the Life and Annuities segment include traditional and non-traditional life insurance (term, universal and term universal life insurance as well as corporate-owned life insurance and funding agreements), and fixed and variable annuities, none of which are actively marketed or sold.

In addition to our three operating segments, we also have Corporate and Other, which includes debt financing expenses that are incurred at the Genworth Holdings, Inc. (“Genworth Holdings”) level, unallocated corporate income and expenses, eliminations of inter-segment transactions and the results of other businesses that are reported outside of our operating segments, such as certain international businesses and CareScout start-up results related to our senior care growth initiatives.

Enact Holdings is a public company traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market exchange under the ticker symbol “ACT.” Genworth Financial maintains control of Enact Holdings through an indirect majority voting interest and accordingly, Enact Holdings remains a consolidated subsidiary of Genworth Financial. Enact Holdings and its mortgage insurance subsidiaries comprise, and can therefore generally be viewed as, our Enact segment, or commonly referred to as “Enact.”

Strategic Update

We continue to further strengthen the financial and operational capabilities of our legacy long-term care insurance business primarily through our multi-year in-force rate action plan, achieving an estimated cumulative economic benefit of approximately $28.3 billion, on a net present value basis, of approved rate actions since 2012 through the first quarter of 2024. We manage our U.S. life insurance subsidiaries on a standalone basis. Accordingly, the U.S. life insurance subsidiaries will continue to rely on their statutory capital, significant reserves, prudent management of the in-force blocks and long-term care insurance in-force rate actions to satisfy policyholder obligations. For additional information regarding our in-force rate actions, see “—Results of Operations and Selected Financial and Operating Performance Measures by Segment” and “—Long-Term Care Insurance segment.”

We continue to make progress on our strategic priority to develop innovative aging services and solutions through our CareScout services business with the build-out of our network of long-term care providers (“CareScout Quality Network”), which is currently available in over 30 states. We plan to continue to add providers to the network that meet our quality credentialing standards and agree to negotiated preferred rates. While the initial focus has been with our long-term care insurance policyholders, we believe that over time and with national coverage of the CareScout Quality Network, we can expand the scope of our CareScout services business to additional consumer markets. In addition to the benefits to consumers, the discounts available through the network are expected to potentially further mitigate risk in our legacy long-term care insurance block by reducing claims costs. We aim to prudently scale and diversify our CareScout services business in a way that will leverage our intellectual property, drive claim savings in our legacy long-term care insurance block and drive long-term growth. We are also working to build the foundation necessary to re-enter the long-term care insurance market through our CareScout insurance business.

Enact continues to be a significant driver of value for Genworth, providing $61 million of capital returns to Genworth Holdings in the first quarter of 2024. We believe capital returns from Enact will continue to benefit our shareholders by funding our strategic initiatives, including new CareScout products and services, as well as share repurchases and opportunistic debt reduction. On May 1, 2024, Enact Holdings announced an increase of its next quarterly dividend to $0.185 per share to be paid in June 2024 and a new share repurchase authorization of $250 million. Since the initial authorization of Genworth Financial’s share repurchase program in May 2022 and through April 30, 2024, we have repurchased $434 million worth of shares of Genworth Financial’s common stock. For additional information on our share repurchase program, see “—Liquidity and Capital Resources.” We strive to maintain a disciplined approach in our capital allocation strategy, balancing investments in CareScout growth initiatives with returning value to shareholders.

Financial Strength and Credit Ratings

On March 27, 2024, Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. affirmed the financial strength rating of “A3” of Enact Mortgage Insurance Corporation (“EMICO”) and changed the outlook to positive from stable. On April 12, 2024, Fitch Ratings, Inc. affirmed the financial strength rating of “A-” of EMICO and changed the outlook to positive from stable.

There were no other changes in the financial strength ratings of our insurance subsidiaries or the credit ratings of Genworth Financial and Genworth Holdings subsequent to February 29, 2024, the date we filed our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K. For additional information regarding the financial strength ratings of Genworth Financial’s insurance subsidiaries and the credit ratings of Genworth Financial and Genworth Holdings, including their importance to our business, see “Item 1—Ratings” in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Our Financial Information

The financial information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q has been derived from our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Revenues and expenses

Our revenues consist primarily of the following:

•

Premiums. Premiums consist primarily of premiums earned on insurance products for mortgage, long-term care and term life insurance.

•

Net investment income. Net investment income represents the income earned on our investments. For discussion of the change in net investment income, see the comparison for this line item under “—Investments and Derivative Instruments.”

•

Net investment gains (losses). Net investment gains (losses) consist primarily of realized gains and losses from the sale of our investments, credit losses, and unrealized gains and losses on equity securities, limited partnership investments and derivative instruments. For discussion of the change in net investment gains (losses), see the comparison for this line item under “—Investments and Derivative Instruments.”

•

Policy fees and other income. Policy fees and other income consists primarily of fees assessed against policyholder and contractholder account values, surrender charges, cost of insurance assessed on universal and term universal life insurance policies, advisory and administration service fees assessed on investment contractholder account values, broker/dealer commission revenues, fee revenue from contract underwriting services and other fees.

Our expenses consist primarily of the following:

•

Benefits and other changes in policy reserves. Benefits and other changes in policy reserves consist primarily of benefits paid, interest accretion expense and other reserve activity related to future policy benefits for long-term care insurance, life insurance, and fixed and variable annuities, and claim costs incurred related to mortgage insurance products.

•

Liability remeasurement (gains) losses. Liability remeasurement (gains) losses represent changes to the net premium ratio for actual versus expected experience and updates to cash flow assumptions used to measure long-duration traditional and limited-payment insurance contracts.

•

Changes in fair value of market risk benefits and associated hedges. Changes in fair value of market risk benefits and associated hedges consist of fair value changes of market risk benefits (other than changes attributable to instrument-specific credit risk), net of changes in the fair value of non-qualified derivative instruments that support our market risk benefits.

•

Interest credited. Interest credited represents interest credited on behalf of policyholder and contractholder general account balances.

•

Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals. Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals, represent costs and expenses related to the acquisition and ongoing maintenance of insurance and investment contracts, including commissions, policy issuance expenses and other underwriting and general operating costs. These costs and expenses are net of amounts that are capitalized and deferred, which are costs and expenses that are related directly to the successful acquisition of new or renewal insurance policies and investment contracts, such as first-year commissions in excess of ultimate renewal commissions and other policy issuance expenses. We allocate corporate expenses to each of our operating segments using various methodologies.

•

Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles. Amortization of deferred acquisition costs (“DAC”) and intangibles consists primarily of the amortization of capitalized acquisition costs, present value of future profits and capitalized software.

•

Interest expense. Interest expense primarily represents interest related to our borrowings that are incurred at Genworth Holdings or Enact Holdings.

•

Provision (benefit) for income taxes. We tax our businesses at the U.S. corporate federal income tax rate of 21%. Each segment is then adjusted to reflect the unique tax attributes of that segment, such as permanent differences between U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and tax law. The difference between the consolidated provision for income taxes and the sum of the provision for income taxes in each segment is reflected in Corporate and Other.

The effective tax rates disclosed herein are calculated using whole numbers. As a result, the percentages shown may differ from an effective tax rate calculated using rounded numbers. The annually-determined tax rates and adjustments to each segment’s provision for income taxes are estimates which are subject to review and could change from year to year. For a discussion of the effective tax rates used to record the provision for income taxes for our three operating segments and Corporate and Other, see note 14 in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements under “Item 1—Financial Statements.”

•

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests represents third party ownership interests in income from continuing operations of a consolidated subsidiary.

Consolidated Results of Operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2023

The following table sets forth the consolidated results of operations for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,						Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2024			2023			2024 vs. 2023
Revenues:
Premiums	$	875		$	915		$	(40	)	(4	)%
Net investment income		782			787			(5	)	(1	)%
Net investment gains (losses)		49			(11	)		60		NM	⁽¹⁾
Policy fees and other income		158			163			(5	)	(3	)%

Total revenues		1,864			1,854			10		1	%

Benefits and expenses:
Benefits and other changes in policy reserves		1,203			1,176			27		2	%
Liability remeasurement (gains) losses		(8	)		(15	)		7		47	%
Changes in fair value of market risk benefits and associated hedges		(23	)		17			(40	)	NM	⁽¹⁾
Interest credited		125			126			(1	)	(1	)%
Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals		236			240			(4	)	(2	)%
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles		65			72			(7	)	(10	)%
Interest expense		30			29			1		3	%

Total benefits and expenses		1,628			1,645			(17	)	(1	)%

Income from continuing operations before income taxes		236			209			27		13	%
Provision for income taxes		66			55			11		20	%

Income from continuing operations		170			154			16		10	%
Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes		(1	)		—			(1	)	NM	⁽¹⁾

Net income		169			154			15		10	%
Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		30			32			(2	)	(6	)%

Net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	139		$	122		$	17		14	%

⁽¹⁾	We define “NM” as not meaningful for increases or decreases greater than 200%.

Unless otherwise stated, all references to net income (loss), net income (loss) per share, adjusted operating income (loss) and adjusted operating income (loss) per share found in “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” should be read as net income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders, net income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders per share, adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders and adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders per share, respectively.

Use of non-GAAP measures

Reconciliation of net income (loss) to adjusted operating income (loss)

Management uses non-GAAP financial measures entitled “adjusted operating income (loss)” and “adjusted operating income (loss) per share” to evaluate performance and allocate resources. Adjusted operating income (loss) per share is derived from adjusted operating income (loss). We define adjusted operating income (loss) as income (loss) from continuing operations excluding the after-tax effects of income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net investment gains (losses), changes in fair value of market risk benefits and associated hedges, gains (losses) on the sale of businesses, gains (losses) on the early extinguishment of debt, restructuring costs and infrequent or unusual non-operating items. A component of our net investment gains

(losses) is the result of estimated future credit losses, the size and timing of which can vary significantly depending on market credit cycles. In addition, the size and timing of other investment gains (losses) can be subject to our discretion and are influenced by market opportunities, as well as asset-liability matching considerations. We exclude net investment gains (losses), changes in fair value of market risk benefits and associated hedges, gains (losses) on the sale of businesses, gains (losses) on the early extinguishment of debt, restructuring costs and infrequent or unusual non-operating items from adjusted operating income (loss) because, in our opinion, they are not indicative of overall operating performance.

While some of these items may be significant components of net income (loss) determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP, we believe that adjusted operating income (loss), and measures that are derived from or incorporate adjusted operating income (loss), including adjusted operating income (loss) per share on a basic and diluted basis, are appropriate measures that are useful to investors because they identify the income (loss) attributable to the ongoing operations of the business. Management also uses adjusted operating income (loss), among other key performance indicators, as a basis for determining awards and compensation for senior management and to evaluate performance on a basis comparable to that used by analysts. However, the items excluded from adjusted operating income (loss) have occurred in the past and could, and in some cases will, recur in the future. Adjusted operating income (loss) and adjusted operating income (loss) per share on a basic and diluted basis are not substitutes for net income (loss) or net income (loss) per share on a basic and diluted basis determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In addition, our definition of adjusted operating income (loss) may differ from the definitions used by other companies.

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to adjusted operating income (loss) assume a 21% tax rate and are net of the portion attributable to noncontrolling interests. Changes in fair value of market risk benefits and associated hedges are adjusted to exclude changes in reserves, attributed fees and benefit payments.

The following table presents a reconciliation of net income to adjusted operating income for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2024			2023
Net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	139		$	122
Add: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		30			32

Net income		169			154
Less: loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes		(1	)		—

Income from continuing operations		170			154
Less: net income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests		30			32

Income from continuing operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders		140			122
Adjustments to income from continuing operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders:
Net investment (gains) losses, net ⁽¹⁾		(50	)		11
Changes in fair value of market risk benefits attributable to changes in interest rates, equity markets and associated hedges ⁽²⁾		(26	)		14
(Gains) losses on early extinguishment of debt		(1	)		(1	)
Expenses related to restructuring		7			3
Taxes on adjustments		15			(5	)

Adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	85		$	144

⁽¹⁾	For the three months ended March 31, 2024, net investment (gains) losses were adjusted for the portion attributable to noncontrolling interests of $1 million.

⁽²⁾	Changes in fair value of market risk benefits and associated hedges were adjusted to exclude changes in reserves, attributed fees and benefit payments of $(3) million for both the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

There were no infrequent or unusual items excluded from adjusted operating income during the periods presented.

Earnings per share

The following table provides basic and diluted earnings per common share for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,				Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions, except per share amounts)	2024		2023		2024 vs. 2023
Income from continuing operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders per share:
Basic	$	0.32	$	0.25	$	0.07		28	%

Diluted	$	0.31	$	0.24	$	0.07		29	%

Net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders per share:
Basic	$	0.31	$	0.25	$	0.06		24	%

Diluted	$	0.31	$	0.24	$	0.07		29	%

Adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders per share:
Basic	$	0.19	$	0.29	$	(0.10	)	(34	)%

Diluted	$	0.19	$	0.29	$	(0.10	)	(34	)%

Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Basic		443.0		492.3

Diluted		450.3		500.1

Diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding reflect the effects of potentially dilutive securities including performance stock units, restricted stock units and other equity-based awards.

The following table presents a summary of adjusted operating income (loss) for our segments and Corporate and Other for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,						Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2024			2023			2024 vs. 2023
Adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders:
Enact segment	$	135		$	143		$	(8	)	(6	)%
Long-Term Care Insurance segment		3			23			(20	)	(87	)%
Life and Annuities segment:
Life insurance		(33	)		(27	)		(6	)	(22	)%
Fixed annuities		11			14			(3	)	(21	)%
Variable annuities		7			9			(2	)	(22	)%

Life and Annuities segment		(15	)		(4	)		(11	)	NM	⁽¹⁾

Corporate and Other		(38	)		(18	)		(20	)	(111	)%

Adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	85		$	144		$	(59	)	(41	)%

⁽¹⁾	We define “NM” as not meaningful for increases or decreases greater than 200%.

Executive Summary of Consolidated Financial Results

Below is an executive summary of our condensed consolidated financial results for the periods indicated. Amounts within this “Executive Summary of Consolidated Financial Results” are net of taxes, unless otherwise indicated. After-tax amounts assume a tax rate of 21%.

For a discussion of selected financial information and detailed descriptions of operating performance measures, see “—Results of Operations and Selected Financial and Operating Performance Measures by Segment.”

Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2023

•

Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $139 million and $122 million, respectively, and adjusted operating income was $85 million and $144 million, respectively.

•

Enact segment

•

Adjusted operating income decreased primarily attributable to a lower reserve release and higher new delinquencies, partially offset by higher net investment income and premiums in the current year.

•

Long-Term Care Insurance segment

•

Adjusted operating income decreased primarily driven by less favorable mortality and lower renewal premiums in the current year.

•

The prior year included an unfavorable cash flow assumption update related to implementation timing of our in-force rate action plan, as well as a legal settlement accrual that did not recur.

•

Life and Annuities segment

•

Life insurance:

•

The adjusted operating loss in our life insurance products increased primarily due to lower premiums and product charges reflecting the runoff of our in-force blocks, partially offset by less unfavorable mortality experience in the current year.

•

Fixed annuities:

•

Adjusted operating income in our fixed annuity products decreased mainly from lower net spreads primarily related to block runoff in the current year.

•

Corporate and Other

•

The adjusted operating loss increased primarily from timing of certain tax related items in the current year and higher expenses related to CareScout growth initiatives.

Significant Developments and Strategic Highlights

Enact segment

•

Mortgage insurance portfolio. Enact’s primary persistency rate of 85% continued to offset the decline in new insurance written, contributing to insurance in-force growth in the first quarter of 2024. New insurance written decreased 20% in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023 mostly from a smaller estimated mortgage insurance market and lower estimated market share.

•

Loss performance. Enact recorded a pre-tax reserve release of $54 million during the first quarter of 2024 primarily related to favorable cure performance on delinquencies from early 2023 and prior

compared to a pre-tax reserve release of $70 million in the first quarter of 2023 primarily related to favorable cure performance on COVID-19 delinquencies from 2020 and 2021. New primary delinquencies in the first quarter of 2024 increased compared to the first quarter of 2023 primarily due to the aging of large, newer books of business.

•

PMIERs compliance. Enact’s PMIERs sufficiency ratio was 163% or $1,883 million above the PMIERs requirements as of March 31, 2024.

•

Capital returns. Genworth Holdings received $61 million of capital returns from Enact Holdings during the first quarter of 2024. On May 1, 2024, Enact Holdings announced an increase of its next quarterly dividend to $0.185 per share to be paid in June 2024 and a new share repurchase authorization of $250 million.

Long-Term Care Insurance segment

•

In-force rate actions. We estimate that the cumulative economic benefit of approved rate actions in our long-term care insurance multi-year in-force rate action plan since 2012 through the first quarter of 2024 was approximately $28.3 billion, on a net present value basis, as described further below.

•

Claims. We expect higher paid claims in our long-term care insurance business as our blocks age, with peak claim years over a decade away. Paid claims on newer products continue to increase as policyholders approach peak claim age, while claims on our oldest products decline as those policyholders, on average, are past peak claim age. We also expect overall claim costs to continue to increase as the approximately 620,000 insured individuals in our two largest blocks, Choice I and Choice II, with average attained ages of 77 and 74, respectively, reach their peak claim years, approximately age 85.

Capital of U.S. life insurance subsidiaries

•

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the consolidated company action level risk-based capital ratio of our U.S. domiciled life insurance subsidiaries was approximately 314% and 303%, respectively. The increase was primarily attributable to earnings in our long-term care insurance business primarily driven by premium increases and benefit reductions from in-force rate actions and legal settlements, as well as the favorable impacts of seasonally high mortality. The increase was also attributable to earnings in our variable annuity products, including a benefit from the impact of equity market and interest rate performance.

Genworth Financial share repurchase program

•

Genworth Financial executed $63 million of share repurchases in the first quarter of 2024.

Results of Operations and Selected Financial and Operating Performance Measures by Segment

Management’s discussion and analysis by segment contains selected operating performance measures including “new insurance written,” “insurance in-force” and “risk in-force,” which are commonly used in the insurance industry as measures of operating performance.

Management regularly monitors and reports new insurance written for our Enact segment as a measure of volume of new business generated in a period. We consider new insurance written to be a measure of our Enact segment’s operating performance because it represents a measure of new sales of mortgage insurance policies during a specified period, rather than a measure of revenues or profitability during that period. Management also regularly monitors and reports insurance in-force and risk in-force for our Enact segment. Insurance in-force is a

measure of the aggregate unpaid principal balance as of the respective reporting date for loans insured by our U.S. mortgage insurance subsidiaries. Risk in-force is based on the coverage percentage applied to the estimated current outstanding loan balance. These metrics are presented on a direct basis and exclude reinsurance. We consider insurance in-force and risk in-force to be measures of our Enact segment’s operating performance because they represent measures of the size of its business at a specific date which will generate revenues and profits in a future period, rather than measures of its revenues or profitability during that period.

Management also regularly monitors and reports a loss ratio for our Enact segment, which is the ratio of benefits and other changes in policy reserves to net earned premiums. We consider the loss ratio to be a measure of underwriting performance and helps to enhance the understanding of the operating performance of our Enact segment.

Management regularly monitors and reports on in-force rate actions, including state filing approvals; impacted in-force premiums; weighted-average percentage rate increases approved; and gross incremental premiums approved in our Long-Term Care Insurance segment. We also estimate the cumulative economic benefit of approved rate actions in our long-term care insurance multi-year in-force rate action plan on a net present value basis, discounted at our investment portfolio yield. This is defined as the net present value of historical and future expected premium increases and benefit reductions based on current assumptions as a result of rate increases approved on individual and group long-term care insurance policies. It also includes the net present value of reserve reductions related to legal settlements less cash payments made to policyholders who elect certain reduced benefit options in connection with the legal settlements, referred to as settlement payments. We monitor these selected operating performance measures for in-force rate actions to track our progress on ensuring the continued self-sustainability of our legacy life insurance subsidiaries over time. We consider these in-force rate action metrics to be measures of financial performance and help to enhance the understanding of the operating performance of our Long-Term Care Insurance segment.

These operating performance measures enable us to compare our operating performance across periods without regard to revenues or profitability related to policies or contracts sold in prior periods or from investments or other sources.

Enact segment

Trends and conditions

Results of our Enact segment are affected primarily by the following factors: competitor actions; unemployment or underemployment levels; other economic and housing market trends, including interest rates, home prices, the number of first-time homebuyers, and mortgage origination volume mix and practices; the size of the overall private mortgage insurance market and the effect of regulatory actions thereon; the levels and aging of mortgage delinquencies; the effect of seasonal variations; the inventory of unsold homes; loan modification and other servicing efforts; and litigation, among other items. References to “Enact” included herein “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Enact segment” are, unless the context otherwise requires, to our Enact segment.

Macroeconomic environment

During the first quarter of 2024, the U.S. economy faced uncertainty due to continued inflationary pressure, the geopolitical environment and lingering concerns around a possible recession. Mortgage origination activity remained slow during the first quarter of 2024 in response to elevated mortgage rates and sustained low housing supply. Over the past few years, housing affordability has deteriorated due to high interest rates and elevated home prices, only marginally offset by rising median family income, according to the National Association of Realtors Housing Affordability Index. National home prices rose modestly throughout 2023 but remained relatively flat during the first quarter of 2024, according to the Federal Housing Finance Agency (“FHFA”) Monthly Purchase-Only House Price Index.

The unemployment rate was 3.8% in March 2024, compared to 3.7% in December 2023. As of March 31, 2024, the number of unemployed Americans was approximately 6.4 million, and the number of long term unemployed over 26 weeks was approximately 1.2 million.

Forbearance and loss mitigation programs

In response to COVID-19, borrowers were allowed extended forbearance options to temporarily suspend mortgage payments up to 18 months subject to certain limits. Extended forbearance timelines permitted through the Coronavirus Aid Relief and Economic Security Act and government-sponsored enterprises (“GSEs”) COVID-19 servicing-related policies were retired in 2023. Borrowers that meet general hardship and program guidelines continue to have access to standard forbearance policies as a loss mitigation option. In addition, in March 2023, the GSEs announced new loss mitigation programs that allow six-month payment deferrals for borrowers facing financial hardship.

Although it is difficult to predict the future level of reported forbearance and how many of the loans in a forbearance plan that remain current on their monthly mortgage payment will go delinquent, servicer reported forbearances have generally declined. As of March 31, 2024, approximately 1.1% or 10,479 of Enact’s active primary policies were reported in a forbearance plan, of which approximately 26% were reported as delinquent.

Regulatory developments

Private mortgage insurance market penetration and overall market size are affected in part by actions that impact housing or housing finance policy taken by the GSEs and the U.S. government, including but not limited to, the FHA and the FHFA. In the past, these actions have included announced changes, or potential changes, to underwriting standards, including changes to the GSEs’ automated underwriting systems, FHA pricing, GSE guaranty fees, loan limits and alternative products.

On October 24, 2022, the FHFA announced its validation and approval of certain credit score models for use by the GSEs and changed the required number of credit reports provided by lenders from all three nationwide consumer reporting agencies to only two. The validation of the new credit scores requires lenders to deliver both credit scores for each loan sold to the GSEs. In February 2024, the FHFA announced that it is targeting the fourth quarter of 2025 for implementation, which will require system and process updates.

Competitive environment

The U.S. private mortgage insurance industry is highly competitive. Enact Holdings’ market share is influenced by the execution of its go to market strategy, including but not limited to, pricing competitiveness relative to its peers and its selective participation in forward commitment transactions. Enact continues to manage the quality of new business through pricing and its underwriting guidelines, which are modified from time to time when circumstances warrant. The market and underwriting conditions, including the mortgage insurance pricing environment, are within Enact’s risk adjusted return appetite, enabling it to write new business at returns it views as attractive.

Mortgage insurance portfolio

New insurance written of $10.5 billion in the first quarter of 2024 decreased 20% compared to the first quarter of 2023 mostly due to a smaller estimated mortgage insurance market and lower estimated market share. Enact’s primary persistency rate was 85% during both the first quarters of 2024 and 2023. Elevated persistency, driven by a large percentage of Enact’s in-force policies with mortgage rates below current rates, continued to offset the decline in new insurance written, leading to an increase in primary insurance in-force of $0.7 billion as compared to December 31, 2023.

Net earned premiums increased in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023 primarily driven by insurance in-force growth, partially offset by higher ceded premiums.

Loss experience

Enact’s loss ratio for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was 8% and (5)%, respectively. Enact released reserves of $54 million during the first quarter of 2024 primarily related to delinquencies from early 2023 and prior as recent uncertainty in the economic environment has not negatively impacted cure performance to the extent initially expected. During the first quarter of 2023, Enact recorded a reserve release of $70 million largely related to favorable cure performance on COVID-19 delinquencies from 2020 and 2021.

The severity of loss on loans that go to claim may be negatively impacted by the extended forbearance and foreclosure timelines, the associated elevated expenses and the higher loan amount of the recent new delinquencies. These negative influences on loss severity could be mitigated in part by embedded home price appreciation. For loans insured on or after October 1, 2014, Enact’s mortgage insurance policies limit the number of months of unpaid interest and associated expenses that are included in the mortgage insurance claim amount to a maximum of 36 months.

New primary delinquencies in the first quarter of 2024 increased compared to the first quarter of 2023 primarily due to the aging of large, newer books of business. New primary delinquencies of 11,395 contributed $74 million of loss expense in the first quarter of 2024, while Enact incurred $58 million of losses from 9,599 new primary delinquencies in the first quarter of 2023. In determining the loss expense estimate, considerations were given to recent cure and claim experience and the prevailing and prospective economic conditions. Approximately 8% of Enact’s primary new delinquencies in the first quarter of 2024 were subject to a forbearance plan compared to 17% in the first quarter of 2023. Due to the declining number of new delinquencies in forbearance, Enact no longer differentiates the expected claim rates applied to new delinquencies in forbearance versus those not in forbearance.

Capital requirements and transactions

As of March 31, 2024, EMICO’s risk-to-capital ratio under North Carolina law and enforced by the North Carolina Department of Insurance (“NCDOI”), EMICO’s domestic insurance regulator, was approximately 11.2:1, compared with a risk-to-capital ratio of 11.6:1 as of December 31, 2023. EMICO’s risk-to-capital ratio remains below the NCDOI’s maximum risk-to-capital ratio of 25:1. North Carolina’s calculation of risk-to-capital excludes the risk in-force for delinquent loans given the established loss reserves against all delinquencies. EMICO’s ongoing risk-to-capital ratio will depend principally on the magnitude of future losses incurred by EMICO, the effectiveness of ongoing loss mitigation activities, new business volume and profitability, the impact of quota share reinsurance, the amount of policy lapses and the amount of additional capital that is generated or distributed by the business.

Under PMIERs, Enact is subject to operational and financial requirements that private mortgage insurers must meet in order to remain eligible to insure loans that are purchased by the GSEs. As of March 31, 2024, Enact had estimated available assets of $4,853 million against $2,970 million net required assets under PMIERs compared to available assets of $5,006 million against $3,119 million net required assets as of December 31, 2023. The sufficiency ratio as of March 31, 2024 was 163% or $1,883 million above the PMIERs requirements, compared to 161% or $1,887 million above the PMIERs requirements as of December 31, 2023. Enact’s PMIERs required assets as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 benefited from the application of a 0.30 multiplier applied to the risk-based required asset amount factor for certain non-performing loans as defined under PMIERs. The application of the 0.30 multiplier to all eligible delinquencies provided $48 million and $73 million, respectively, of benefit to Enact’s March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 PMIERs required assets. These amounts are gross of any incremental reinsurance benefit from the elimination of the 0.30 multiplier.

On January 3, 2024, Enact entered into a quota share reinsurance agreement under which it will cede approximately 21% of a portion of its new insurance written in the 2024 book year. On January 30, 2024, Enact executed an excess of loss reinsurance transaction which provides up to $255 million of reinsurance coverage on a portion of current and expected new insurance written for the 2024 book year, effective January 1, 2024. Enact’s third-party reinsurance transactions provided an aggregate of approximately $1,722 million and $1,714 million of PMIERs capital credit as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Enact may execute future credit risk transfer transactions to maintain a prudent level of financial flexibility in excess of the PMIERs capital requirements in response to potential changes in performance and PMIERs requirements over time.

Capital returns

In March 2024, EMICO completed a distribution to Enact Holdings that supports its ability to pay a quarterly dividend. On May 1, 2024, Enact Holdings announced an increase of its next quarterly dividend from $0.16 to $0.185 per share to be paid in June 2024. Future dividend payments are subject to quarterly review and approval by Enact Holdings’ board of directors and Genworth Financial. In addition to Enact’s quarterly dividend program, Enact Holdings announced approval by its board of directors on August 1, 2023 of a share repurchase program which allows for the repurchase of up to an additional $100 million of its common stock, and on May 1, 2024, Enact Holdings announced a new share repurchase authorization of $250 million. Genworth Holdings has agreed to participate in share repurchases in order to maintain its overall ownership at approximately its current level. As the majority shareholder, Genworth Holdings received $61 million of capital returns from Enact Holdings during the first quarter of 2024 comprised of $21 million of quarterly dividends and $40 million of share repurchases.

Returning capital to shareholders, balanced with growth and risk management priorities, remains a priority for Enact Holdings as it looks to enhance shareholder value through time. Future return of capital will be shaped by Enact Holdings’ capital prioritization framework, including supporting its existing policyholders, growing its mortgage insurance business, funding attractive new business opportunities and returning capital to shareholders. Enact Holdings’ total return of capital will also be based on its view of the prevailing and prospective macroeconomic conditions, regulatory landscape and business performance.

Segment results of operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2023

The following table sets forth the results of operations relating to our Enact segment for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,						Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2024			2023			2024 vs. 2023
Revenues:
Premiums	$	241		$	235		$	6		3	%
Net investment income		57			46			11		24	%
Net investment gains (losses)		(6	)		—			(6	)	NM	⁽¹⁾

Total revenues		292			281			11		4	%

Benefits and expenses:
Benefits and other changes in policy reserves		20			(11	)		31		NM	⁽¹⁾
Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals		51			52			(1	)	(2	)%
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles		2			3			(1	)	(33	)%
Interest expense		13			13			—		—	%

Total benefits and expenses		86			57			29		51	%

Income from continuing operations before income taxes		206			224			(18	)	(8	)%
Provision for income taxes		45			49			(4	)	(8	)%

Income from continuing operations		161			175			(14	)	(8	)%
Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		30			32			(2	)	(6	)%

Income from continuing operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders		131			143			(12	)	(8	)%
Adjustments to income from continuing operations available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders:
Net investment (gains) losses, net⁽²⁾		5			—			5		NM	⁽¹⁾
Taxes on adjustments		(1	)		—			(1	)	NM	⁽¹⁾

Adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	135		$	143		$	(8	)	(6	)%

⁽¹⁾	We define “NM” as not meaningful for increases or decreases greater than 200%.

⁽²⁾	Net investment (gains) losses were adjusted for the portion attributable to noncontrolling interests of $1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders

Adjusted operating income decreased primarily attributable to a lower reserve release and higher new delinquencies, partially offset by higher net investment income and premiums in the current year.

Revenues

Premiums increased mostly from higher insurance in-force, partially offset by higher ceded premiums in the current year.

Net investment income increased primarily from higher investment yields and higher average invested assets in the current year.

For a discussion of the change in net investment gains (losses), see the comparison for this line item under “—Investments and Derivative Instruments.”

Benefits and expenses

Benefits and other changes in policy reserves increased largely from a lower reserve release and higher new delinquencies in the current year. Enact released reserves of $54 million during the first quarter of 2024 primarily related to delinquencies from early 2023 and prior as recent uncertainty in the economic environment has not negatively impacted cure performance to the extent initially expected. During the first quarter of 2023, Enact recorded a reserve release of $70 million largely related to favorable cure performance on COVID-19 delinquencies from 2020 and 2021.

Provision for income taxes. The effective tax rate was 21.8% and 21.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, generally consistent with the U.S. corporate federal income tax rate.

Enact selected operating performance measures

Primary Mortgage Insurance

Substantially all of Enact’s policies are primary mortgage insurance, which provides protection on individual loans at specified coverage percentages. Primary mortgage insurance is placed on individual loans at the time of origination and is typically delivered to Enact on a loan-by-loan basis. Primary mortgage insurance can also be delivered to Enact on an aggregated basis, whereby each mortgage in a given loan portfolio is insured in a single transaction after the point of origination.

Pool Mortgage Insurance

Pool mortgage insurance transactions provide coverage on a finite set of individual loans identified by the pool policy. Pool policies contain coverage percentages and provisions limiting the insurer’s obligation to pay claims until a threshold amount is reached (known as a “deductible”) or capping the insurer’s potential aggregate liability for claims payments (known as a “stop loss”) or a combination of both provisions. Pool mortgage insurance is typically used to provide additional credit enhancement for certain secondary market mortgage transactions.

The following table sets forth selected operating performance measures regarding Enact as of and for the dates indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,				Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2024		2023		2024 vs. 2023
Primary insurance in-force	$	263,645	$	252,516	$	11,129		4	%
Risk in-force:
Primary	$	67,950	$	64,106	$	3,844		6	%
Pool		67		76		(9	)	(12	)%

Total risk in-force	$	68,017	$	64,182	$	3,835		6	%

New insurance written	$	10,526	$	13,154	$	(2,628	)	(20	)%

Primary insurance in-force and risk in-force

Primary insurance in-force increased mainly from new insurance written. In addition, primary persistency remained elevated largely as a result of suppressed refinancing activity in the current year due to a large percentage of in-force policies with mortgage rates below current rates. The primary persistency rate was 85% for both the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. Total risk in-force increased largely from higher primary insurance in-force.

Mortgage insurance loan portfolio

The following table sets forth selected financial information regarding Enact’s loan portfolio as of March 31:


(Amounts in millions)	2024		2023
Primary insurance in-force by loan-to-value ratio at origination:
95.01% and above	$	46,259	$	40,776
90.01% to 95.00%		109,566		105,336
85.01% to 90.00%		78,214		73,756
85.00% and below		29,606		32,648

Total	$	263,645	$	252,516

Primary risk in-force by loan-to-value ratio at origination:
95.01% and above	$	13,250	$	11,545
90.01% to 95.00%		31,881		30,589
85.01% to 90.00%		19,265		18,054
85.00% and below		3,554		3,918

Total	$	67,950	$	64,106

Primary insurance in-force by FICO⁽¹⁾ score at origination:
Over 760	$	111,589	$	104,635
740-759		43,155		40,983
720-739		37,068		35,554
700-719		29,679		29,160
680-699		21,628		21,717
660-679⁽²⁾		11,316		11,057
640-659		6,109		6,114
620-639		2,488		2,604
<620		613		692

Total	$	263,645	$	252,516

Primary risk in-force by FICO score at origination:
Over 760	$	28,703	$	26,480
740-759		11,167		10,418
720-739		9,669		9,126
700-719		7,629		7,406
680-699		5,524		5,481
660-679⁽²⁾		2,908		2,809
640-659		1,562		1,549
620-639		632		660
<620		156		177

Total	$	67,950	$	64,106

⁽¹⁾	Fair Isaac Company.

⁽²⁾	Loans with unknown FICO scores are included in the 660-679 category.

Delinquent loans

The following table sets forth the number of loans insured, the number of delinquent loans and the delinquency rate for Enact’s loan portfolio as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023			March 31, 2023
Primary insurance:
Insured loans in-force		969,866			974,516			965,544
Delinquent loans		19,492			20,432			18,633
Percentage of delinquent loans (delinquency rate)		2.01	%		2.10	%		1.93	%

Delinquency rates decreased compared to December 31, 2023 primarily from a decrease in total delinquencies mostly driven by cures and paid claims outpacing new delinquencies.

The following tables set forth primary delinquencies, direct primary case reserves and risk in-force by aged missed payment status in Enact’s loan portfolio as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2024
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Delinquencies		Direct primary case reserves⁽¹⁾		Risk in-force		Reserves as % of risk in-force
Payments in default:
3 payments or less		9,506	$	87	$	600		14	%
4 - 11 payments		6,853		220		468		47	%
12 payments or more		3,133		179		197		91	%

Total		19,492	$	486	$	1,265		38	%


	December 31, 2023
(Dollar amounts in millions)	Delinquencies		Direct primary case reserves⁽¹⁾		Risk in-force		Reserves as % of risk in-force
Payments in default:
3 payments or less		10,166	$	88	$	629		14	%
4 - 11 payments		6,934		205		469		44	%
12 payments or more		3,332		184		200		92	%

Total		20,432	$	477	$	1,298		37	%

⁽¹⁾	Direct primary case reserves exclude loss adjustment expenses, pool, incurred but not reported (“IBNR”) and reinsurance reserves.

Reserves as a percentage of risk in-force as of March 31, 2024 remained relatively consistent with December 31, 2023 as long-term delinquencies with higher reserves have continued to cure. The number of loans that are delinquent for 12 months or more has decreased since December 31, 2023 and is more in line with pre-COVID-19 levels. Due to continued forbearance options, foreclosure moratoriums and the uncertainty around the lack of progression through the foreclosure process, there is still uncertainty around the likelihood and timing of delinquencies going to claim.

Primary insurance delinquency rates differ from region to region in the United States at any one time depending upon economic conditions and cyclical growth patterns. The tables below set forth the dispersion of direct primary case reserves and primary delinquency rates for the 10 largest states and the 10 largest Metropolitan Statistical Areas (“MSA”) or Metro Divisions (“MD”) by Enact’s primary risk in-force as of the dates indicated. Delinquency rates are shown by region based upon the location of the underlying property rather than the location of the lender.


	Percent of primary risk in-force as of March 31, 2024			Percent of direct primary case reserves as of March 31, 2024 ⁽¹⁾			Delinquency rate as of
	Percent of primary risk in-force as of March 31, 2024						March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023			March 31, 2023
By State:
California		13	%		12	%		2.15	%		2.22	%		1.99	%
Texas		9	%		8	%		2.08	%		2.22	%		1.92	%
Florida ⁽²⁾		8	%		10	%		2.29	%		2.39	%		2.24	%
New York ⁽²⁾		5	%		11	%		2.93	%		3.05	%		2.82	%
Illinois ⁽²⁾		4	%		6	%		2.57	%		2.61	%		2.51	%
Arizona		4	%		3	%		1.88	%		1.93	%		1.68	%
Michigan		4	%		3	%		1.78	%		1.94	%		1.72	%
Georgia		3	%		4	%		2.32	%		2.23	%		2.19	%
North Carolina		3	%		2	%		1.46	%		1.56	%		1.48	%
Washington		3	%		3	%		1.64	%		1.77	%		1.64	%

⁽¹⁾	Direct primary case reserves exclude loss adjustment expenses, pool, IBNR and reinsurance reserves.

⁽²⁾	Jurisdiction predominantly uses a judicial foreclosure process, which generally increases the amount of time it takes for a foreclosure to be completed.


	Percent of primary risk in-force as of March 31, 2024		Percent of direct primary case reserves as of March 31, 2024 ⁽¹⁾		Delinquency rate as of
	Percent of primary risk in-force as of March 31, 2024				March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023			March 31, 2023
By MSA or MD:
Phoenix, AZ MSA		3%		3%		1.93	%		2.01	%		1.72	%
Chicago-Naperville, IL MD		3%		4%		2.91	%		2.88	%		2.77	%
Atlanta, GA MSA		3%		3%		2.49	%		2.40	%		2.35	%
New York, NY MD		2%		7%		3.37	%		3.60	%		3.51	%
Houston, TX MSA		2%		3%		2.48	%		2.67	%		2.40	%
Washington-Arlington, DC MD		2%		2%		1.93	%		2.01	%		1.79	%
Dallas, TX MD		2%		1%		1.79	%		1.92	%		1.65	%
Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA MD		2%		3%		2.32	%		2.39	%		2.24	%
Riverside-San Bernardino, CA MSA		2%		3%		2.78	%		2.83	%		2.54	%
Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO MSA		2%		1%		1.27	%		1.12	%		0.93	%

⁽¹⁾	Direct primary case reserves exclude loss adjustment expenses, pool, IBNR and reinsurance reserves.

The following table sets forth the dispersion of Enact’s direct primary case reserves, primary insurance in-force and risk in-force by year of policy origination, and delinquency rate as of March 31, 2024:


(Amounts in millions)	Percent of direct primary case reserves ⁽¹⁾			Primary insurance in-force		Percent of total			Primary risk in-force		Percent of total			Delinquency rate
Policy Year
2008 and prior		15	%	$	5,420		2	%	$	1,397		2	%		8.12	%
2009 to 2016		7			7,368		3			1,943		3			3.74	%
2017		4			5,015		2			1,324		2			3.41	%
2018		6			5,524		2			1,419		2			4.13	%
2019		8			13,126		5			3,403		5			2.70	%
2020		14			42,183		16			11,181		16			1.67	%
2021		22			66,971		25			17,174		25			1.63	%
2022		19			58,051		22			14,629		22			1.61	%
2023		5			49,556		19			12,810		19			0.67	%
2024		—			10,431		4			2,670		4			0.02	%

Total portfolio		100	%	$	263,645		100	%	$	67,950		100	%		2.01	%

⁽¹⁾	Direct primary case reserves exclude loss adjustment expenses, pool, IBNR and reinsurance reserves.

Loss reserves in policy years 2008 and prior are outsized compared to their representation of risk in-force. The size of these policy years at origination combined with the significant decline in home prices led to significant losses in policy years prior to 2009. Although uncertainty remains with respect to the ultimate losses Enact will experience on these policy years, they have become a smaller percentage of its total mortgage insurance portfolio. The concentration of loss reserves has shifted to newer book years in line with changes in risk in-force. As of March 31, 2024, Enact’s 2017 and newer policy years represented approximately 95% of its primary risk in-force and 78% of its total direct primary case reserves.

Long-Term Care Insurance segment

Trends and conditions

The long-term profitability of our long-term care insurance business depends upon how our actual experience compares with our valuation assumptions, including but not limited to in-force rate actions, morbidity, mortality and persistency. Estimates for in-force rate actions reflect certain simplifying assumptions that may vary materially from actual results, including but not limited to consistent policyholder behavior over time in addition to a uniform rate of coinsurance and premium taxes. Actual policyholder behavior may differ significantly from these assumptions. Results of our long-term care insurance business are also influenced by our ability to improve investment yields and manage expenses and reinsurance, among other factors. Changes in laws or government programs, including long-term care insurance rate action legislation, regulation and/or practices, could also impact our long-term care insurance business either positively or negatively.

Because these factors are not known in advance, change over time, are difficult to accurately predict and are inherently uncertain, we cannot determine with precision the ultimate amounts we will pay for actual claims or the timing of those payments as our actual claims experience will emerge over many years, or decades. For example, average claim reserves for new claims have trended higher over time as the mix of claims continues to evolve, with an increasing number of policies with higher daily benefit amounts and higher inflation factors going on claim. Although new claim counts on certain of our oldest long-term care insurance blocks of business have reached their peak claim years and will decrease as the blocks run off, we are gaining more experience on the majority of our larger blocks of business and fully expect continued overall growth in new claims as policyholders reach their peak claim years.

Additionally, in our long-term care insurance business, we have observed an increase in the cost of care in part due to elevated inflation. Increases in cost of care have resulted in higher claim payments in our long-term care insurance business, which could have a material adverse impact on our liquidity, results of operations and financial condition if it persists. We will continue to monitor our experience and make changes to our assumptions and methodologies, as appropriate, for our long-term care insurance products. Even small changes in assumptions or small deviations of actual experience from assumptions could have, and in the past have had, material impacts on our reserve levels, results of operations and financial condition.

The impacts of assumption updates and actual versus expected experience will continue to drive volatility in our long-term care insurance results, particularly for our unprofitable capped cohorts. It is important to note that quarterly variations resulting from assumption updates and actual versus expected experience are typically expected to be relatively small compared to the overall size of our liability for future policy benefits of $42.2 billion, at the locked-in discount rate, for our long-term care insurance business as of March 31, 2024.

The financial condition of our long-term care insurance business is also impacted by interest rates. We remeasure our liability for future policy benefits and the related reinsurance recoverables at the single-A bond rate each quarter. As a result, our reported insurance liabilities are sensitive to movements in interest rates, which will likely result in continued volatility to our reserve balances and equity.

In-force rate actions and legal settlements

Given the ongoing challenges in our long-term care insurance business, we continue to pursue initiatives to improve the risk and profitability profile of our business, including premium rate increases and associated benefit reductions on our in-force policies. Executing on our multi-year long-term care insurance in-force rate action plan with premium rate increases and associated benefit reductions on our legacy long-term care insurance policies is critical to the business. For an update on in-force rate actions, refer to the selected operating performance measures below.

In addition, we have reached three legal settlements regarding alleged disclosure deficiencies in premium increases for long-term care insurance policies. These legal settlements cover approximately 70% of our long-term care insurance block and have helped accelerate benefit reductions. We began implementing the third and final legal settlement during the second quarter of 2023 and expect that settlement to be materially complete by the end of 2024.

While the legal settlements are similar, the ultimate impact depends on the policyholder election rates and the types of reduced benefits elected. Given our experience with prior settlements, we expect the third legal settlement to result in an overall net favorable economic impact to our long-term care insurance business as it reduces tail risk on these long-duration liabilities.

While we expect renewal premiums to decline over time as the block runs off, benefit reductions elected by policyholders in connection with our in-force rate actions and legal settlements have accelerated that decline. However, we expect this decline to be partially offset by future approved rate actions.

Segment results of operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2023

The following table sets forth the results of operations relating to our Long-Term Care Insurance segment for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,						Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2024			2023			2024 vs. 2023
Revenues:
Premiums	$	578		$	616		$	(38	)	(6	)%
Net investment income		464			473			(9	)	(2	)%
Net investment gains (losses)		63			9			54		NM	⁽¹⁾

Total revenues		1,105			1,098			7		1	%

Benefits and expenses:
Benefits and other changes in policy reserves		936			944			(8	)	(1	)%
Liability remeasurement (gains) losses		(16	)		(32	)		16		50	%
Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals		102			119			(17	)	(14	)%
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles		17			18			(1	)	(6	)%

Total benefits and expenses		1,039			1,049			(10	)	(1	)%

Income from continuing operations before income taxes		66			49			17		35	%
Provision for income taxes		14			18			(4	)	(22	)%

Income from continuing operations		52			31			21		68	%
Adjustments to income from continuing operations:
Net investment (gains) losses		(63	)		(9	)		(54	)	NM	⁽¹⁾
Expenses related to restructuring		1			(1	)		2		200	%
Taxes on adjustments		13			2			11		NM	⁽¹⁾

Adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	3		$	23		$	(20	)	(87	)%

⁽¹⁾	We define “NM” as not meaningful for increases or decreases greater than 200%.

Adjusted operating income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders

Adjusted operating income decreased primarily driven by less favorable mortality and lower renewal premiums in the current year. The prior year included an unfavorable cash flow assumption update related to implementation timing of our in-force rate action plan, as well as a legal settlement accrual that did not recur.

Revenues

Premiums, including from in-force rate actions approved and implemented, decreased primarily driven by lower renewal premiums from policy terminations and policies entering paid-up status in the current year.

Net investment income decreased largely from lower income from limited partnerships in the current year.

For a discussion of the change in net investment gains (losses), see the comparison for this line item under “—Investments and Derivative Instruments.”

Benefits and expenses

Benefits and other changes in policy reserves decreased primarily from policy terminations, partially offset by aging of the in-force block, including higher interest accretion in the current year.

The liability remeasurement gain decreased mainly due to less favorable mortality in the current year, partially offset by an unfavorable cash flow assumption update related to implementation timing of our in-force rate action plan in the prior year.

Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals, decreased principally from a $13 million accrual for legal settlement costs in the prior year that did not recur.

Provision for income taxes. The effective tax rate was 21.0% and 37.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The decrease in the effective tax rate was primarily attributable to differing levels of ordinary income in relation to tax expense on certain forward starting swap gains that are tax effected at the previously enacted federal income tax rate of 35% as they are amortized into net investment income.

Long-Term Care Insurance selected operating performance measures

Liability remeasurement (gains) losses

We include expectations for benefit reductions related to in-force rate actions and legal settlements as well as settlement payments in our assumptions for the liability for future policy benefits, which have impacted and will continue to impact our reported U.S. GAAP financial results. We update the net premium ratio quarterly for actual versus expected experience; therefore, forecasted cash flow assumptions will be replaced with actual cash flows each quarter with any difference recorded in net income (loss). As a result, variances between actual experience and our expectations for benefit reductions will be reflected in liability remeasurement (gains) losses in our operating results on a quarterly basis.

We experienced quarterly fluctuations in actual to expected experience in 2023 related to the second legal settlement which primarily impacted older, unprofitable capped cohorts, after including this settlement in our 2022 assumptions. However, the third legal settlement, for which we updated cash flow assumptions in the fourth quarter of 2023, impacts profitable uncapped cohorts and has a more muted earnings impact. Overall, we expect the legal settlements to result in a net favorable economic impact to our long-term care insurance business as they reduce tail risk on these long-duration liabilities.

The following table sets forth the pre-tax components of the liability remeasurement (gains) losses for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,						(Increase) decrease and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2024			2023			2024 vs. 2023
Cash flow assumption updates	$	(2	)	$	21		$	(23	)	(110	)%
Actual to expected experience		(14	)		(53	)		39		74	%

Total liability remeasurement (gains) losses	$	(16	)	$	(32	)	$	16		50	%

For additional discussion of the change in liability remeasurement (gains) losses, see the comparison for this line item above in “—Segment results of operations.”

In-force rate actions

As part of our strategy for our long-term care insurance business, we have been implementing, and expect to continue to pursue, significant premium rate increases and associated benefit reductions in order to ensure the

continued self-sustainability of the legacy life insurance subsidiaries over time and reduce the strain on earnings and capital.

The following table sets forth filing approvals as part of our multi-year in-force rate action plan for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
(Dollar amounts in millions)	2024			2023
State filings approved		23			23
Impacted in-force premiums	$	166		$	78
Weighted-average percentage rate increase approved		25	%		64	%
Gross incremental premiums approved	$	41		$	50

During the first quarter of 2024, we also submitted five new filings on approximately $41 million in annualized in-force premiums.

The approval process for in-force rate actions and the amount and timing of the premium rate increases and associated benefit reductions approved vary by state and product. In certain states, the decision to approve or disapprove a rate increase can take a significant amount of time, and the approved amount may be phased in over time. After approval, insureds are provided with written notice of the increase and increases are generally applied on the insured’s next policy anniversary date. As a result, the benefits of any rate increase are not fully realized until the implementation cycle is complete and are, therefore, expected to be realized over time.

We continue to work closely with the National Association of Insurance Commissioners and state regulators to demonstrate the broad-based need for actuarially justified rate increases in order to pay future claims. Because obtaining actuarially justified rate increases and associated benefit reductions is important to our ability to pay future claims, we will consider litigation against states that decline to approve those actuarially justified rate increases. As of March 31, 2024, we were in litigation with two states that have refused to approve actuarially justified rate increases for certain products.

Life and Annuities segment

Trends and conditions

Many factors can affect the results of our life insurance and annuity products, as further discussed below. Because these factors are not known in advance, change over time, are difficult to accurately predict and are inherently uncertain, we cannot determine with precision the ultimate amounts we will pay for actual claims or the timing of those payments. We will continue to monitor our experience and assumptions closely and make changes to our assumptions and methodologies, as appropriate, for our life insurance and annuity products. Even small changes in assumptions or small deviations of actual experience from assumptions could have, and in the past have had, material impacts on our reserve levels, results of operations and financial condition. Results of our life insurance and annuity products depend significantly upon the extent to which our actual future experience is consistent with assumptions and methodologies we have used in calculating our reserves. Results of our life insurance and annuity products are also impacted by interest rates. For a discussion of the potential impacts and risks associated with changes in interest rates, see “Item 1A—Risk Factors—Interest rates and changes in rates, including changes in monetary policy to combat inflation, could materially adversely affect our business and profitability” in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

We no longer solicit sales of traditional life insurance and annuity products; however, we continue to service our existing retained and reinsured blocks of business.

Life insurance

Results of our life insurance products are impacted primarily by mortality, persistency, investment yields, expenses, reinsurance and statutory reserve requirements, among other factors.

Mortality levels may deviate each period from historical trends. We have typically observed seasonally higher mortality during the first quarter as compared to the remaining quarters of the year. However, overall mortality experience was less unfavorable during the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023 and the fourth quarter of 2023, largely in our universal life insurance products. The updates to our mortality assumptions in the fourth quarter of 2023, which increased expected mortality, also contributed to the less unfavorable mortality experience observed in the first quarter of 2024 compared to expectations. We have experienced unfavorable mortality compared to our then-current and priced-for assumptions in recent years for our universal life insurance block. Reinsurance costs typically increase due to natural aging of the yearly renewable term (“YRT”) reinsured blocks. We have also received some YRT reinsurance premium increases from some of our YRT reinsurance partners that reflect unfavorable mortality.

Fixed annuities

Results of our fixed annuity products are affected primarily by investment performance, interest rate levels, the slope of the interest rate yield curve, net interest spreads, equity market conditions, mortality, persistency and expense and commission levels.

We monitor and change crediting rates on fixed deferred annuities on a regular basis to maintain spreads and targeted returns, if applicable. However, we have seen and could continue to see declines in our fixed annuity spreads and margins as interest rates change, depending on the severity of the change.

For fixed indexed annuities, equity market and interest rate performance and volatility could also result in additional gains or losses, although associated hedging activities are expected to partially mitigate these impacts.

Variable annuities

Results of our variable annuity products are affected primarily by investment performance, interest rate levels, the slope of the interest rate yield curve, net interest spreads, equity market conditions, mortality, surrenders and scheduled maturities. In addition, the results of our variable annuity products can significantly impact our regulatory capital requirements, distributable earnings and liquidity. We use hedging strategies as well as liquidity planning and asset-liability management to help mitigate the impacts. In addition, we have used reinsurance to help mitigate volatility in our variable annuity results.

Equity market volatility and interest rate movements have caused fluctuations in the results of our variable annuity products and regulatory capital requirements. In the future, equity market and interest rate performance and volatility could result in additional gains or losses in these products, although associated hedging activities are expected to partially mitigate these impacts.

Segment results of operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2023

The following table sets forth the results of operations relating to our Life and Annuities segment for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,						Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2024			2023			2024 vs. 2023
Revenues:
Premiums	$	53		$	62		$	(9	)	(15	)%
Net investment income		254			264			(10	)	(4	)%
Net investment gains (losses)		(4	)		(10	)		6		60	%
Policy fees and other income		158			163			(5	)	(3	)%

Total revenues		461			479			(18	)	(4	)%

Benefits and expenses:
Benefits and other changes in policy reserves		250			246			4		2	%
Liability remeasurement (gains) losses		8			17			(9	)	(53	)%
Changes in fair value of market risk benefits and associated hedges		(23	)		17			(40	)	NM	⁽¹⁾
Interest credited		125			126			(1	)	(1	)%
Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals		54			53			1		2	%
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles		45			51			(6	)	(12	)%

Total benefits and expenses		459			510			(51	)	(10	)%

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes		2			(31	)		33		106	%
Benefit for income taxes		—			(7	)		7		100	%

Income (loss) from continuing operations		2			(24	)		26		108	%
Adjustments to income (loss) from continuing operations:
Net investment (gains) losses		4			10			(6	)	(60	)%
Changes in fair value of market risk benefits attributable to interest rates, equity markets and associated hedges⁽²⁾		(26	)		14			(40	)	NM	⁽¹⁾
Taxes on adjustments		5			(4	)		9		NM	⁽¹⁾

Adjusted operating loss available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	(15	)	$	(4	)	$	(11	)	NM	⁽¹⁾

⁽¹⁾	We define “NM” as not meaningful for increases or decreases greater than 200%.

⁽²⁾	For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, changes in fair value of market risk benefits and associated hedges were adjusted to exclude changes in reserves, attributed fees and benefit payments of $(3) million in each period.

The following table sets forth adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders for the products included in our Life and Annuities segment for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,						Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2024			2023			2024 vs. 2023
Adjusted operating income (loss) available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders:
Life insurance	$	(33	)	$	(27	)	$	(6	)	(22	)%
Fixed annuities		11			14			(3	)	(21	)%
Variable annuities		7			9			(2	)	(22	)%

Total adjusted operating loss available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	(15	)	$	(4	)	$	(11	)	NM	⁽¹⁾

⁽¹⁾	We define “NM” as not meaningful for increases or decreases greater than 200%.

Adjusted operating loss available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders

•

Adjusted operating income in our fixed annuity products decreased mainly from lower net spreads primarily related to block runoff in the current year.

Revenues

Premiums. The decrease was driven by our life insurance products largely due to the continued runoff of our in-force blocks in the current year.

Net investment income. The decrease was primarily attributable to lower average invested assets driven mostly by block runoff in our fixed annuity products in the current year.

Net investment gains (losses). For a discussion of the change in net investment gains (losses), see the comparison for this line item under “—Investments and Derivative Instruments.”

Policy fees and other income. The decrease was driven mostly by lower product charges in our life insurance products due to the runoff of our in-force blocks in the current year.

Benefits and expenses

Benefits and other changes in policy reserves

•

Our life insurance products increased $9 million primarily from a lower favorable change in reserves in our term life insurance products related to block runoff and from aging of the in-force block in our universal life insurance products, partially offset by less unfavorable mortality in the current year.

•

Our fixed annuity products decreased $3 million largely from block runoff in the current year.

Liability remeasurement (gains) losses. The decrease in the loss was driven mostly by less unfavorable mortality in our life insurance products in the current year.

Changes in fair value of market risk benefits and associated hedges

•

Our variable annuity products had a favorable variance of $25 million primarily attributable to a favorable change in the interest rate yield curve, partially offset by higher derivative losses in the current year.

•

Our fixed annuity products had a favorable variance of $15 million primarily driven by higher interest rates in the current year.

Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles. The decrease was largely due to block runoff in our term life insurance products in the current year.

Benefit for income taxes. The effective tax rate was 21.0% and 22.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The decrease in the effective tax rate was primarily attributable to differing levels of ordinary income in relation to tax benefits from tax favored items.

Life and Annuities selected operating performance measures

Life insurance

The following table sets forth selected operating performance measures regarding our life insurance products as of the dates indicated:


	March 31,				Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2024		2023		2024 vs. 2023
Term and whole life insurance
Life insurance in-force, net of reinsurance	$	43,512	$	46,964	$	(3,452	)	(7	)%
Life insurance in-force, before reinsurance	$	263,727	$	292,091	$	(28,364	)	(10	)%
Term universal life insurance
Life insurance in-force, net of reinsurance	$	90,054	$	91,817	$	(1,763	)	(2	)%
Life insurance in-force, before reinsurance	$	90,648	$	92,431	$	(1,783	)	(2	)%
Universal life insurance
Life insurance in-force, net of reinsurance	$	28,306	$	29,475	$	(1,169	)	(4	)%
Life insurance in-force, before reinsurance	$	31,831	$	33,246	$	(1,415	)	(4	)%

The decrease in insurance in-force in our life insurance products reflects the continued runoff of our in-force blocks.

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Corporate and Other

Results of operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2023

The following table sets forth the results of operations relating to Corporate and Other for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,						Increase (decrease) and percentage change
(Amounts in millions)	2024			2023			2024 vs. 2023
Revenues:
Premiums	$	3		$	2		$	1		50	%
Net investment income		7			4			3		75	%
Net investment gains (losses)		(4	)		(10	)		6		60	%

Total revenues		6			(4	)		10		NM	⁽¹⁾

Benefits and expenses:
Benefits and other changes in policy reserves		(3	)		(3	)		—		—	%
Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals		29			16			13		81	%
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs and intangibles		1			—			1		NM	⁽¹⁾
Interest expense		17			16			1		6	%

Total benefits and expenses		44			29			15		52	%

Loss from continuing operations before income taxes		(38	)		(33	)		(5	)	(15	)%
Provision (benefit) for income taxes		7			(5	)		12		NM	⁽¹⁾

Loss from continuing operations		(45	)		(28	)		(17	)	(61	)%
Adjustments to loss from continuing operations:
Net investment (gains) losses		4			10			(6	)	(60	)%
(Gains) losses on early extinguishment of debt		(1	)		(1	)		—		—	%
Expenses related to restructuring		6			4			2		50	%
Taxes on adjustments		(2	)		(3	)		1		33	%

Adjusted operating loss available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders	$	(38	)	$	(18	)	$	(20	)	(111	)%

⁽¹⁾	We define “NM” as not meaningful for increases or decreases greater than 200%.

Adjusted operating loss available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders

The adjusted operating loss increased primarily from timing of certain tax related items in the current year and higher expenses related to CareScout growth initiatives.

Revenues

For a discussion of the change in net investment gains (losses), see the comparison for this line item under “—Investments and Derivative Instruments.”

Benefits and expenses

Acquisition and operating expenses, net of deferrals, increased primarily from higher expenses related to CareScout growth initiatives, as well as higher employee-related expenses in the current year.

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The provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was primarily related to timing of tax adjustments, partially offset by the tax benefit related to the pre-tax loss. The benefit for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was largely from the pre-tax loss, partially offset by non-deductible expenses.

Investments and Derivative Instruments

Trends and conditions

Investments

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, our investment portfolio was impacted, and we believe will continue to be impacted, by the following macroeconomic trends:

•

The U.S. Federal Reserve kept interest rates unchanged during the first quarter of 2024 as it continues to monitor inflation.

•

During the first quarter of 2024, both short-term and long-term U.S. Treasury yields increased compared to December 31, 2023. The two-year U.S. Treasury yield remained above the ten-year U.S. Treasury yield as of March 31, 2024, with the differential between the two-year yield and the ten-year yield consistent with the differential as of December 31, 2023.

•

Credit spreads tightened and credit market performance remained strong in the first quarter of 2024 as macroeconomic data continued to support market optimism for a soft economic landing.

•

As of March 31, 2024, our investment portfolio exposure to Israel was immaterial and there has been no impact on our results of operations from the Israel-Hamas conflict. At this time, we do not believe there is a material risk to the valuation of our investment portfolio due to credit losses or direct write-offs that may arise as a result of the conflict.

•

As of March 31, 2024, our fixed maturity securities portfolio, which was 96% investment grade, comprised 75% of our total invested assets and cash.

Derivatives

•

As of March 31, 2024, $1.2 billion notional of our derivatives portfolio was cleared through the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (“CME”).

•

The customer swap agreements that govern our cleared derivatives contain provisions that enable our clearing agents to request initial margin in excess of CME requirements. As of March 31, 2024, we posted initial margin of $70 million to our clearing agents, which represented $35 million more than was otherwise required by the clearinghouse. Because our clearing agents serve as guarantors of our obligations to the CME, the customer agreements contain broad termination provisions that are not specifically dependent on ratings.

•

As of March 31, 2024, $12.4 billion notional of our derivatives portfolio was in bilateral over-the-counter derivative transactions pursuant to which we have posted aggregate independent amounts of $511 million and are holding collateral from counterparties in the amount of $16 million.

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Investment results

The following table sets forth information about investment income, excluding net investment gains (losses), for each component of our investment portfolio for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,												Increase (decrease)
	2024						2023						2024 vs. 2023
(Amounts in millions)	Yield			Amount			Yield			Amount			Yield			Amount
Fixed maturity securities—taxable		4.5	%	$	554			4.4	%	$	561			0.1	%	$	(7	)
Fixed maturity securities—non-taxable		10.8	%		1			4.6	%		1			6.2	%		—
Equity securities		1.9	%		2			2.3	%		2			(0.4	)%		—
Commercial mortgage loans		4.4	%		75			4.4	%		76			—	%		(1	)
Policy loans		10.5	%		58			10.3	%		55			0.2	%		3
Limited partnerships ⁽¹⁾		2.8	%		20			4.7	%		28			(1.9	)%		(8	)
Other invested assets ⁽²⁾		47.7	%		68			51.6	%		68			(3.9	)%		—
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and short-term investments		5.1	%		27			4.0	%		18			1.1	%		9

Gross investment income before expenses and fees		5.0	%		805			5.0	%		809			—	%		(4	)
Expenses and fees		(0.1	)%		(23	)		(0.1	)%		(22	)		—	%		(1	)

Net investment income		4.9	%	$	782			4.9	%	$	787			—	%	$	(5	)

Average invested assets and cash				$	64,265					$	64,768					$	(503	)

⁽¹⁾	Limited partnership investments are primarily equity-based and do not have fixed returns by period.

⁽²⁾	Investment income for other invested assets includes amortization of terminated cash flow hedges, which have no corresponding book value within the yield calculation.

Yields are based on net investment income as reported under U.S. GAAP and are consistent with how we measure our investment performance for management purposes. Yields are annualized, for interim periods, and are calculated as net investment income as a percentage of average quarterly asset carrying values except for fixed maturity securities, derivatives and derivative counterparty collateral, which exclude unrealized fair value adjustments.

Annualized weighted-average investment yields were unchanged; however, net investment income decreased slightly primarily due to lower average invested assets.

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The following table sets forth net investment gains (losses) for the periods indicated:


	Three months ended March 31,
(Amounts in millions)	2024			2023
Realized investment gains (losses):
Available-for-sale fixed maturity securities:
Realized gains	$	7		$	3
Realized losses		(29	)		(19	)

Net realized gains (losses) on available-for-sale fixed maturity securities		(22	)		(16	)
Net realized gains (losses) on equity securities sold		—			—

Total net realized investment gains (losses)		(22	)		(16	)

Net change in allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale fixed maturity securities		—			(15	)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities still held		32			11
Net unrealized gains (losses) on limited partnerships		43			—
Commercial mortgage loans		(2	)		(2	)
Derivative instruments		1			12
Other		(3	)		(1	)

Net investment gains (losses)	$	49		$	(11	)

•

The three months ended March 31, 2024 included $43 million of net unrealized gains on limited partnerships driven by favorable private equity market performance. We also recorded $21 million of higher net unrealized gains on equity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023 driven by more favorable equity market performance. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we recorded an allowance for credit losses on available for sale fixed-maturity securities of $15 million.

•

We had $11 million of lower net gains related to derivatives during the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023 primarily attributable to losses from forward bond purchase commitments in the current year, as well as higher losses associated with our fixed indexed annuity embedded derivatives.

Investment portfolio

The following table sets forth our cash, cash equivalents and invested assets as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2024					December 31, 2023
(Amounts in millions)	Carrying value		% of total			Carrying value		% of total
Available-for-sale fixed maturity securities:
Public	$	31,412		51	%	$	32,189		51	%
Private		14,653		24			14,592		24
Equity securities		427		1			396		1
Commercial mortgage loans, net		6,719		11			6,802		10
Policy loans		2,219		4			2,220		4
Limited partnerships		2,949		5			2,821		5
Other invested assets		683		1			731		1
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		1,952		3			2,215		4

Total cash, cash equivalents and invested assets	$	61,014		100	%	$	61,966		100	%

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For a discussion of the change in cash, cash equivalents and invested assets, see the comparison for these line items under “—Consolidated Balance Sheets.” See note 4 in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements under “Item 1—Financial Statements” for additional information related to our investment portfolio.

We hold fixed maturity and equity securities, limited partnerships, derivatives, embedded derivatives and certain other financial instruments, which are carried at fair value. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. As of March 31, 2024, approximately 7% of our investment holdings recorded at fair value was based on significant inputs that were not market observable and were classified as Level 3 measurements. See note 6 in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements under “Item 1—Financial Statements” for additional information related to fair value.

Other invested assets

The following table sets forth the carrying values of our other invested assets as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2024					December 31, 2023
(Amounts in millions)	Carrying value		% of total			Carrying value		% of total
Bank loan investments	$	520		76	%	$	529		72	%
Derivatives		107		16			131		18
Short-term investments		10		1			27		4
Other investments		46		7			44		6

Total other invested assets	$	683		100	%	$	731		100	%

Derivatives decreased largely from an increase in interest rates in the current year. Short-term investments decreased from maturities and sales in the current year.

Derivatives

The activity associated with derivative instruments can generally be measured by the change in notional value over the periods presented. However, for fixed indexed annuity and indexed universal life embedded derivatives, the change between periods is best illustrated by the number of policies. The following tables represent activity associated with derivative instruments as of the dates indicated:


(Notional in millions)	Measurement		December 31, 2023		Additions		Maturities/ terminations			March 31, 2024
Derivatives designated as hedges
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps		Notional	$	8,975	$	231	$	(101	)	$	9,105
Foreign currency swaps		Notional		131		13		—			144
Forward bond purchase commitments		Notional		1,075		934		—			2,009

Total cash flow hedges				10,181		1,178		(101	)		11,258

Total derivatives designated as hedges				10,181		1,178		(101	)		11,258

Derivatives not designated as hedges
Equity index options		Notional		702		178		(209	)		671
Financial futures		Notional		1,251		1,191		(1,268	)		1,174
Forward bond purchase commitments		Notional		500		—		—			500

Total derivatives not designated as hedges				2,453		1,369		(1,477	)		2,345

Total derivatives			$	12,634	$	2,547	$	(1,578	)	$	13,603


(Number of policies)	Measurement		December 31, 2023		Additions		Maturities/ terminations			March 31, 2024
Derivatives not designated as hedges
Fixed indexed annuity embedded derivatives		Policies		5,826		—		(272	)		5,554
Indexed universal life embedded derivatives		Policies		749		—		(12	)		737

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The increase in the notional value of derivatives was primarily attributable to the addition of forward bond purchase commitments and interest rate swaps that support our long-term care and universal life insurance businesses, partially offset by a decrease in financial futures that support our variable annuity products.

The number of policies with embedded derivatives decreased as these products are no longer being offered and continue to runoff.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Total assets. Total assets decreased $1,625 million from $90,817 million as of December 31, 2023 to $89,192 million as of March 31, 2024.

•

Invested assets decreased $689 million primarily attributable to decreases of $716 million in fixed maturity securities and $83 million in commercial mortgage loans, partially offset by an increase of $128 million in limited partnerships. The decrease in fixed maturity securities was predominantly related to higher interest rates reducing the fair value of our fixed maturity investment portfolio and from net sales and maturities in the current year. Commercial mortgage loans decreased mostly due to payments outpacing originations, and limited partnerships increased largely from capital calls in the current year.

•

Cash and cash equivalents decreased $263 million largely due to net withdrawals from our investment contracts, settlements of derivatives that support our variable annuity products with guaranteed minimum benefits and repurchases of Genworth Financial’s common stock in the current year, partially offset by net sales and maturities of fixed maturity securities.

•

Reinsurance recoverable decreased $737 million primarily due to an increase in the single-A interest rate used to discount the reinsurance recoverable and from the runoff of certain ceded products.

•

Deferred tax asset decreased $113 million principally from a reduction in insurance reserves and the related reinsurance recoverables due to an increase in the single-A interest rate, partially offset by an increase in net unrealized losses on investments due to rising interest rates in the current year.

•

Separate account assets (and liabilities) increased $136 million primarily driven by favorable equity market performance, partially offset by surrenders, withdrawals and benefit payments in the current year.

Total liabilities. Total liabilities decreased $2,169 million from $82,482 million as of December 31, 2023 to $80,313 million as of March 31, 2024.

•

The liability for future policy benefits decreased $2,110 million primarily from an increase in the single-A interest rate used to discount the liability for future policy benefits and from the runoff of our life insurance and annuity products in the current year.

•

Policyholder account balances decreased $225 million largely driven by surrenders, withdrawals and benefit payments in our fixed annuity products in the current year.

•

Market risk benefit liabilities decreased $97 million mostly related to favorable equity market performance and interest rate changes in the current year.

Total equity. Total equity increased $544 million from $8,335 million as of December 31, 2023 to $8,879 million as of March 31, 2024.

•

We reported net income available to Genworth Financial, Inc.’s common stockholders of $139 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

•

Unrealized gains (losses) on investments and derivatives qualifying as hedges decreased total equity by $485 million and $161 million, respectively, primarily due to an increase in interest rates in the current year.

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•

Change in the discount rate used to measure future policy benefits increased total equity by $1,105 million largely attributable to an increase in the single-A interest rate used to discount the liability for future policy benefits and the related reinsurance recoverables in the current year.

•

Treasury stock increased $63 million due to the repurchase of Genworth Financial’s common stock, at cost, including excise taxes and other costs paid in connection with acquiring the shares, resulting in a decrease to total equity in the current year.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity and capital resources represent our overall financial strength and our ability to generate cash flows from our businesses, borrow funds at competitive rates and raise new capital to meet our operating and growth needs.

Overview of cash flows—Genworth and subsidiaries

The following table sets forth our unaudited condensed consolidated cash flows for the three months ended March 31:


(Amounts in millions)	2024			2023
Net cash from (used by) operating activities	$	(107	)	$	17
Net cash from investing activities		143			364
Net cash used by financing activities		(299	)		(428	)

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	$	(263	)	$	(47	)

Our principal sources of cash include sales of our products and services, income from our investment portfolio and proceeds from sales of investments. As an insurance business, we typically generate positive cash flows from operating activities, as premiums collected from our insurance products and income received from our investments typically exceed policy acquisition costs, benefits and claims paid, redemptions and operating expenses. Our cash flows from operating activities are affected by the timing of premiums, fees and investment income received and benefits, claims and expenses paid. Positive cash flows from operating activities are then invested to support the obligations of our insurance and investment products and required capital supporting these products. In analyzing our cash flows, we focus on the change in the amount of cash available and used in investing activities. Changes in cash from financing activities primarily relate to deposits to, and redemptions and benefit payments on, universal life insurance and investment contracts; the issuance of debt and equity securities; the repayment or repurchase of borrowings; the repurchase of common stock presented as treasury stock; and other capital transactions.

We had net cash outflows related to operating activities in the current year compared to net inflows in the prior year primarily from settlements of derivatives that support our variable annuity products with guaranteed minimum benefits and lower premiums collected in our long-term care insurance business.

Net cash inflows from investing activities were lower in the current year mainly due to lower net sales and maturities of fixed maturity securities, partially offset by lower capital calls on limited partnerships.

Net cash outflows used by financing activities were lower in the current year primarily due to lower net withdrawals from our investment contracts.

Genworth—holding company liquidity

In consideration of our liquidity, it is important to separate the needs of our holding companies from the needs of their respective subsidiaries. Genworth Financial and Genworth Holdings each act as a holding

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company for their respective subsidiaries and do not have any significant operations of their own. Genworth Financial’s and Genworth Holdings’ principal sources of cash are derived from dividends and other returns of capital from Enact Holdings. Additional sources of cash have included subsidiary payments to them under tax sharing and expense reimbursement arrangements and proceeds from borrowings or securities issuances. The primary uses of funds at Genworth Financial and Genworth Holdings include payments of principal, interest and other expenses on borrowings or other obligations, payment of holding company general operating expenses (including employee benefits and taxes), payments under guarantees (including guarantees of certain subsidiary obligations), payments to subsidiaries (and, in the case of Genworth Holdings, to Genworth Financial) under tax sharing agreements, contributions to subsidiaries, repurchases of debt securities, repurchases of Genworth Financial’s common stock and, in the case of Genworth Holdings, loans, dividends or other distributions to Genworth Financial.

Management’s focus is predominantly on Genworth Holdings’ liquidity given it is the issuer of our outstanding public debt. We manage our U.S. life insurance subsidiaries on a standalone basis and accordingly, do not expect to receive any dividends or other returns of capital from them. Therefore, our liquidity at the holding company level is highly dependent on the performance of Enact Holdings, its capacity to maintain sufficient cash to pay its debt maturities and other obligations when due and its ability to pay timely dividends and other forms of capital returns to Genworth Holdings as anticipated. Genworth Financial has the right to appoint a majority of directors to the board of directors of Enact Holdings; however, actions taken by Enact Holdings and its board of directors are subject to and may be limited by the interests of Enact Holdings, including but not limited to, its use of capital for growth opportunities and regulatory requirements. Future dividends will be subject to quarterly review and approval by Enact Holdings’ board of directors and Genworth Financial and will also be dependent on a variety of economic, market and business conditions, among other considerations. In addition, insurance laws and regulations regulate the payment of dividends and other distributions to Genworth Financial and Genworth Holdings by their insurance subsidiaries.

On May 1, 2024, Enact Holdings announced an increase of its next quarterly dividend from $0.16 to $0.185 per share to be paid in June 2024. In addition to its quarterly cash dividend program, on August 1, 2023, Enact Holdings announced the approval by its board of directors of a share repurchase program under which Enact Holdings may repurchase up to $100 million of its outstanding common stock. On May 1, 2024, Enact Holdings announced a new share repurchase authorization of $250 million. Genworth Holdings has agreed to participate in order to maintain its overall ownership at approximately its current level. The timing and number of future shares repurchased under the share repurchase program will depend on a variety of factors, including Enact Holdings’ stock price and trading volume, and general business and market conditions, among other factors.

As the majority shareholder, Genworth Holdings received $61 million of capital returns from Enact Holdings in the first quarter of 2024. Enact Holdings’ capital allocation strategy includes supporting its existing policyholders, growing its mortgage insurance business, funding attractive new business opportunities and returning capital to its shareholders. Enact Holdings’ total return of capital will be based on this strategy as well as its view of the prevailing and prospective macroeconomic conditions, regulatory landscape and business performance.

On July 31, 2023, Genworth Financial’s Board of Directors authorized an additional $350 million of share repurchases under its existing share repurchase program that began in May 2022. Pursuant to the program, during the first quarter of 2024, Genworth Financial repurchased 10,240,670 shares of its common stock at an average price of $6.17 per share for a total of $63 million. Genworth Financial also authorized repurchases under its share repurchase program through a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan under which 1,933,444 shares of its common stock were repurchased in April 2024 for $12 million, leaving approximately $266 million remaining authorization under the share repurchase program as of April 30, 2024. Further repurchases under the program will continue to be funded from holding company capital, as well as future cash flow generation, including expected future capital returns from Enact Holdings. Under the program, share repurchases may be made at Genworth’s discretion from time to time in open market transactions, privately negotiated transactions, or by other means, including through

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Rule 10b5-1 trading plans. The timing and number of future shares repurchased under the program will depend on a variety of factors, including Genworth Financial’s stock price and trading volume, and general business and market conditions, among other factors. The authorization has no expiration date and may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time.

Our future use of liquidity and capital will prioritize future strategic investments in CareScout and returning capital to Genworth Financial’s shareholders through share repurchases. We expect to continue to provide capital to CareScout to advance our strategic priority to develop innovative aging services and solutions. We may also from time to time seek to repurchase or redeem outstanding debt (with cash on hand, proceeds from the issuance of new debt and/or the proceeds from asset or stock sales) in open market purchases, tender offers, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise.

Genworth Holdings had $253 million and $350 million of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The decrease was principally driven by annual employee benefit payments that are expected to be offset by subsidiary expense arrangements during 2024, repurchases of Genworth Financial’s common stock and debt interest payments, partially offset by capital returns from Enact Holdings. We believe Genworth Holdings’ unrestricted cash and cash equivalents provide sufficient liquidity to meet its financial obligations over the next twelve months. However, we expect the amount of intercompany cash tax payments retained by Genworth Holdings from its subsidiaries to be lower starting in 2024 as compared to the amounts received during 2023. We also expect Genworth Holdings’ liquidity to continue to be impacted by the amounts and timing of Genworth Financial’s share repurchases as well as future dividends and other forms of capital returns from Enact Holdings.

We actively monitor our liquidity position (most notably at Genworth Holdings), liquidity generation options and the credit markets given changing market conditions. Genworth Holdings’ cash management target is to maintain a cash buffer of two times expected annual external debt interest payments. Genworth Holdings may move below or above this targeted cash buffer during any given quarter due to the timing of cash outflows and inflows or from future actions. Management of Genworth Financial continues to evaluate Genworth Holdings’ target level of liquidity as circumstances warrant.

Capital resources and financing activities

Our current capital resource plans do not include any additional debt offerings by Genworth Holdings or minority sales of Enact Holdings. The availability of additional capital resources will depend on a variety of factors such as market conditions, regulatory considerations, the general availability of credit, credit ratings and the performance of and outlook for Enact Holdings and the payment of dividends and other returns of capital therefrom.

During the first quarter of 2024, Genworth Holdings repurchased $6 million principal amount of its floating rate junior subordinated notes due in 2066 for a pre-tax gain of $1 million and paid accrued interest thereon. As of March 31, 2024, Genworth Holdings had $850 million principal of outstanding debt, with no maturities due until June 2034.

As of March 31, 2024, Enact Holdings had a credit facility that remained undrawn and $750 million principal amount of senior notes due in August 2025. Enact Holdings continually evaluates opportunities based upon market conditions to further increase its financial flexibility including through raising additional capital, restructuring or refinancing some or all of its outstanding debt or pursuing other options such as reinsurance or credit risk transfer transactions. There can be no guarantee that any such opportunities will be available on favorable terms or at all. Other than its senior notes due in August 2025, Enact Holdings has no material outstanding debt obligations that are expected to affect its liquidity over the next five years. We believe that the operating cash flows generated by Enact Holdings’ mortgage insurance subsidiaries will provide the funds necessary to satisfy its claim payments, operating expenses and taxes.

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Regulated insurance subsidiaries

The liquidity requirements of our regulated insurance subsidiaries principally relate to the liabilities associated with their various insurance and investment products, operating costs and expenses, the payment of dividends to us, contributions to their subsidiaries, payments of principal and interest on their outstanding debt obligations and income taxes. Liabilities arising from insurance and investment products include the payment of benefits and claims, as well as cash payments in connection with policy surrenders and withdrawals, policy loans and obligations to redeem funding agreements. Our insurance subsidiaries’ principal cash inflows from operating activities are derived from premiums, annuity deposits and insurance and investment product fees and other income, including commissions, cost of insurance, mortality, expense and surrender charges, contract underwriting fees, investment management fees, investment income and dividends and distributions from their subsidiaries. We manage our U.S. life insurance subsidiaries on a standalone basis. Accordingly, the U.S. life insurance subsidiaries will continue to rely on their statutory capital, significant reserves, prudent management of the in-force blocks and long-term care insurance in-force rate actions to satisfy policyholder obligations.

Given the challenging macroeconomic environment in 2023 and through the first quarter of 2024, employee costs were higher driven in part by wage inflation, the competitive labor market and low labor participation. Additionally, in our long-term care insurance business, we have observed an increase in the cost of care due in part to elevated inflation. These inflationary pressures have not had a significant impact on our liquidity to date; however, if these conditions persist for a long period of time, they could have a material adverse impact on our liquidity, results of operations and financial condition. We will continue to monitor macroeconomic trends, including inflation, to help mitigate any potential adverse impacts to our liquidity. We also expect overall claim costs to continue to increase over time in our long-term care insurance business as our blocks age, with peak claim years over a decade away.

Our insurance subsidiaries maintain investment strategies intended to provide adequate funds to pay benefits without forced sales of investments. Products having liabilities with longer durations, such as certain life insurance and long-term care insurance policies, are typically matched with investments having similar duration such as long-term fixed maturity securities and commercial mortgage loans. Shorter-term liabilities are typically matched with fixed maturity securities that have short-and medium-term fixed maturities. In addition, our insurance subsidiaries hold highly liquid, high quality short-term investment securities and other liquid investment grade fixed maturity securities to fund anticipated operating expenses, surrenders and withdrawals. As of March 31, 2024, our total cash, cash equivalents and invested assets were $61.0 billion. Our investments in privately placed fixed maturity securities, commercial mortgage loans, policy loans, bank loans, limited partnership investments and select mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities are relatively illiquid. These asset classes represented approximately 44% of the carrying value of our total cash, cash equivalents and invested assets as of March 31, 2024.

Off-balance sheet commitments, guarantees and contractual obligations

As of March 31, 2024, we were committed to fund $1,449 million in limited partnership investments, $119 million of bank loan investments, $28 million in commercial mortgage loan investments and $21 million in private placement investments.

As of March 31, 2024, there have been no material additions or changes to guarantees provided by Genworth Financial and Genworth Holdings or to our contractual obligations as compared to the amounts disclosed within our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on February 29, 2024.

Supplemental Condensed Consolidating Financial Information

Genworth Financial provides a full and unconditional guarantee to the trustee and holders of Genworth Holdings’ outstanding senior and subordinated notes (registered securities under the Securities Act of 1933), on an unsecured unsubordinated and subordinated basis, respectively, of the full and punctual payment of the

110

principal of, premium, if any and interest on, and all other amounts payable under, the outstanding senior and subordinated notes and their respective indentures. Genworth Holdings is a direct, 100% owned subsidiary of Genworth Financial.

Excluding investments in subsidiaries, the assets, liabilities and results of operations of Genworth Financial and Genworth Holdings, on a combined basis, are not material to the consolidated financial position or the consolidated results of operations of Genworth. In addition, none of Genworth Financial’s direct or indirect subsidiaries, other than Genworth Holdings, are issuers or guarantors of any guaranteed securities. Therefore, in accordance with Rule 13-01 of Regulation S-X, we are permitted, and we elected, to exclude the summarized financial information for both the issuer and guarantor of the registered securities.

Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Market risk is the risk of the loss of fair value resulting from adverse changes in market rates and prices, such as interest rates, equity prices and foreign currency exchange rates. Market risk is directly influenced by the volatility and liquidity in the markets in which the related underlying financial instruments are traded. There were no material changes in our market risks since December 31, 2023. See “—Business trends and conditions” and “—Investments and Derivative Instruments” in “Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for further discussion of recent market conditions, including changes in interest rates.

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of March 31, 2024, an evaluation was conducted under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Based on this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2024.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting During the Quarter Ended March 31, 2024

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.

Legal Proceedings

See note 16 in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements under “Part 1—Item 1—Financial Statements” for a description of material pending litigation and regulatory matters affecting us.

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

The discussion of our business and operations should be read together with the risk factors contained in Item 1A of our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K, which together describe various risks and uncertainties to which we are or may become subject. These risks and uncertainties have the potential to affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, strategies or prospects in a material and adverse manner. There have been no material changes to the risk factors set forth in the above-referenced filing as of March 31, 2024.

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuer Purchases of Common Stock

The following table sets forth information regarding Genworth Financial’s share repurchases during the three months ended March 31, 2024:


(Dollar amounts in millions, except share amounts)	Total number of shares purchased		Average price paid per share		Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced program		Approximate dollar amount of shares that may yet be purchased under the program (1)
January 1, 2024 through January 31, 2024		2,231,991	$	6.15		2,231,991	$	328
February 1, 2024 through February 29, 2024		4,808,584	$	6.13		4,808,584	$	298
March 1, 2024 through March 31, 2024		3,200,095	$	6.25		3,200,095	$	278

Total		10,240,670				10,240,670

(1)

On May 2, 2022, Genworth Financial’s Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program under which Genworth Financial could repurchase up to $350 million of its outstanding Class A common stock. On July 31, 2023, Genworth Financial’s Board of Directors authorized an additional $350 million of share repurchases under the existing program. Under the program, share repurchases may be made at Genworth’s discretion from time to time in open market transactions, privately negotiated transactions, or other means, including through Rule 10b5-1 trading plans. The timing and number of shares repurchased under the program will depend on a variety of factors, including Genworth Financial’s stock price and trading volume, and general business and market conditions, among other factors. The authorization has no expiration date and may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time. For additional information on the share repurchase program, see “Part I—Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources.”

Item 5.

Other Information

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, no directors or officers of Genworth adopted or terminated any contract, instruction or written plan for the purchase or sale of Genworth’s securities intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) (a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement”) or any “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” as defined under the securities laws.

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		Page
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Financial Statements:
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2024 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2023		3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (Unaudited)		4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (Unaudited)		5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (Unaudited)		6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (Unaudited)		7
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)		8
	Note 1 — Business and Basis of Presentation		8
	Note 2 — Accounting Changes		9
	Note 3 — Earnings Per Share		10
	Note 4 — Investments		11
	Note 5 — Derivative Instruments		24
	Note 6 — Fair Value of Financial Instruments		29
	Note 7 — Deferred Acquisition Costs		49
	Note 8 — Future Policy Benefits		49
	Note 9 — Policyholder Account Balances		54
	Note 10 — Additional Insurance Liabilities		57
	Note 11 — Market Risk Benefits		58
	Note 12 — Separate Accounts		60
	Note 13 — Liability for Policy and Contract Claims		60
	Note 14 — Income Taxes		62
	Note 15 — Segment Information		62
	Note 16 — Commitments and Contingencies		65
	Note 17 — Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		70

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		72

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		111

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures		111

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings		112

Item 1A.	Risk Factors		112

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds		112

Item 5.	Other Information		112

Item 6.	Exhibits		113

Signatures			114


Number		Description

10.1§		Form of 2024-2026 Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2021 Genworth Financial, Inc. Omnibus Incentive Plan (filed herewith)

10.2§		Form of 2024-2026 Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2021 Genworth Financial, Inc. Omnibus Incentive Plan (filed herewith)

31.1		Certification of Thomas J. McInerney (filed herewith)

31.2		Certification of Jerome T. Upton (filed herewith)

32.1		Certification Pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code— Thomas J. McInerney (filed herewith)

32.2		Certification Pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code— Jerome T. Upton (filed herewith)

101.INS		Inline XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.LAB		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

101.DEF		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document and included in Exhibit 101)