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Consolidated Statements Of Cash Flows - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
OPERATING ACTIVITIES      
Net income (loss) $ 2,101,090 $ (103,357) $ 2,445,867
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Deferred income tax expense (benefit) 233,798 (282,325) 453,408
Depreciation and amortization 259,924 366,954 336,393
Net investment losses (gains) (1,524,054) 1,595,733 (1,978,534)
Net foreign exchange losses (gains) 90,045 (137,832) (71,902)
Gain on sale of businesses, net (18,965) (225,832) (22,085)
Impairment of goodwill 0 80,000 0
Increase in receivables (486,305) (653,261) (372,491)
Increase in reinsurance recoverables (767,509) (1,168,483) (1,312,258)
Increase in deferred policy acquisition costs (1,602) (140,630) (139,609)
Increase in prepaid reinsurance premiums (298,049) (271,292) (347,982)
Increase in unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses 2,443,178 2,383,268 2,042,486
Decrease in life and annuity benefits (48,327) (44,693) (52,226)
Increase in unearned premiums 400,017 886,393 970,246
Increase in payables to insurance and reinsurance companies 365,378 210,810 131,559
Other 38,188 213,989 191,195
Net Cash Provided By Operating Activities 2,786,807 2,709,442 2,274,067 Close
INVESTING ACTIVITIES      
Proceeds from sales, maturities, calls and prepayments of fixed maturity securities 2,126,586 1,152,335 708,111
Cost of fixed maturity securities purchased (4,302,864) (2,112,066) (3,165,323)
Proceeds from sales of equity securities 298,582 242,010 200,570
Cost of equity securities purchased (638,306) (442,991) (255,436)
Net change in short-term investments 202,930 (846,019) 228,955
Payments to Acquire Equity Method Investments 192,715 20,051 48,922
Additions to property and equipment (258,619) (254,712) (145,249)
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired (3,584) (79,000) (517,439)
Consolidation of Markel CATCo Re, net 0 629,955 0
Distributions to Markel CATCo Re noncontrolling interests for buy-out transaction 0 (169,380) 0
Proceeds from sale of businesses, net 41,302 201,370 40,720
Other 23,081 28,345 16,211
Net Cash Used By Investing Activities (2,703,607) (1,670,204) (2,937,802) Close
FINANCING ACTIVITIES      
Additions to senior long-term debt and other debt 624,972 1,034,052 1,198,505
Repayment of senior long-term debt and other debt (949,636) (1,255,005) (486,730)
Repurchases of common stock (445,479) (290,796) (206,518)
Dividends paid on preferred stock (36,000) (36,000) (36,000)
Purchase of noncontrolling interests (63,371) (30) (57,134)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests (88,997) 0 0
Other (41,205) (47,532) (42,356)
Net Cash Provided (Used) By Financing Activities (999,716) (595,311) 369,767 Close
Effect of foreign currency rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents 27,037 (103,361) (41,734) Close
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents (889,479) 340,566 (335,702) Close
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents at beginning of year 5,221,513 4,880,947 5,216,649
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, RESTRICTED CASH AND RESTRICTED CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR $ 4,332,034 $ 5,221,513 $ 4,880,947